Lastly, the various personality models may be changed to justify for the differences in the personal, societal, and cultural will be discussed. Influence of Cultural A person’s culture can be defined as everything that makes up an individual’s life. Culture influences in the development of a child continues into adulthood. Culture effects personality in a variety of ways. Behaviors tend to be culturally patterned with childhood experiences influencing personality as an adult and socialization throughout childhood and adulthood shape personality patterns.
Lifespans and Cohorts 2 A cohort is defined as a group of people with a statistic in common, like having been born in the same year or a population group followed prospectively in an epidemiological study. The importance of cohorts traveling through life together can be viewed as a way people in society are able to cope with the everyday stressor that affect us all. “It is also important to consider some of the factors that vary across time that might have important influences on the development of different cohorts. Circumstances like war, famine, or economic crisis represent one family of influences that are often markedly different across age cohorts. Ideologies and value systems also change from decade to decade.” (www.understaningsociety.blogspot.com) An example of Socioeconomic Impact on cohorts can be explained by the ability or inability to be able to financially maneuver in open consumer market, access to necessary healthcare and as the phrase is commonly coined “Keeping up with the Joneses”.
Section C 4. The developmental approach is focussed on understanding the different stages of development. Development stems from inherited factors and genetics (nature) but also experiences in everyday life (nurture) development is an on-going process which starts before birth and continues into adulthood, and therefore is not just a stage in childhood. Behaviour is better understood by looking at how people change over their lives, and this is often supported by longitudinal studies. 5.
Human development consists of three dimensions: Biological, psychological and social development. These three aspects of human development interact together to create an individual’s identity and personality. The biological dimensions of an individual affect their ability to interact with the world physically. If an individual has a gentic disability like a birth defect that affects their mobility, for example, it is a challenge to interact with their environment on any kind of personal pallet unless the individual has help from another or from tools that aid most mobility and living. The phsycological dimensions of an individual affect the persons perception of the world that is around them in many differnet ways.
It shows that human life is not simply linear and straightforward, but more compound and recursive, constantly needing reorganisation, adaptation and that there is always unavoidable change. The Systems Theory Framework does not just affect a person’s life at a specific point in time, it is a continuous process. Change occurs throughout one’s life and The Systems Theory Framework shows that a person’s career development throughout the past, present and future are all intricately linked. Deciding on a career is a very important decision for someone to make, more often than not it is a lifelong commitment that one has made, but not always. People are always changing through new experiences, positive or negative, and by discovering new characteristics about themselves or even just by meeting someone new.
This human process is called social development. This being said, it is a continual change of human behaviors, feelings, and interpersonal thoughts; which will continue to develop over our life-span. Each phase of personal development will be essential in overall growth during childhood through adulthood. Social influences come from solitary comrade or group settings, which can have powerful effects on personal behaviors. The extent in which individuals are influences can depend on self-esteem levels, and individual strengths from moral, values to self-identity.
DIFFERENT STAGES OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT INTRODUCTION OF Child development Child development refers to the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur in human beings between birth and the end of adolescence, as the individual progresses from dependency to increasing autonomy. It is a continuous process with a predictable sequence yet having a unique course for every child. It does not progress at the same rate and each stage is affected by the preceding types of development. Because these developmental changes may be strongly influenced by genetic factors and events during prenatal life, genetics and prenatal development are usually included as part of the study of child development. Related terms include developmental psychology, referring to development throughout the lifespan, and pediatrics, the branch of medicine relating to the care of children.
These changes include; physical development, cognitive development and psychosocial development (Sigelman & Rider 2006, pp.2-3). Developmental psychologists are involved in the study of any of the three branches of developmental psychology. Each of these three domains in development involves various changes. An individual is said to have developed physically when there are observable changes such as aging, growth of body parts and organs, development of physiological functions such as sex characteristics among other physical changes. Cognitive development involves changes in the mental capabilities of an individual such as memory, thoughts,
Early to middle adulthood is a time of independence, identity seeking, and lifestyle forming. This is also the period in time that individuals start to develop a since of freedom, build relationships and establish social and health-affecting habits. Although the basic needs of individuals remain consistent from middle adulthood through young adulthood the social needs embody the attitude of revolution regarding relationships and vocations that moves from flexibility to solidity. Health concerns are factors that play a part in young adulthood such as diet, exercise, and drug use that impacts individuals later in life. Erikson’s theory focused on the belief that people needed constant contact with others throughout their lives.
Middle adulthood is a time of transition; however, there is more than one viewpoint concerning personality development during middle adulthood (Bode et al., 2007, p. 42): these viewpoints are currently known, according to Feldman, as the normative-crises versus life events models. The traditional view of development, the normative-crisis model, focuses on a set of stages associated with “…age-related crises” (Feldman, 2011, p. 511), in contrast, the life events model view indicates that events in middle adulthood influences personality development (Feldman, 2011, p.511). Middle adults can develop proactive reactions to events (Bode et al., 2007, p.42). During middle adulthood, the time period from 40 to 65, there are slow declines in health; members in this group are, according to Feldman, more prone to diseases (2011). Feldman tells us: “(m)iddle adulthood is generally a healthy period, but people become more susceptible to … arthritis, diabetes, and hypertension, and they have a higher death rate than before.