In this paper we will examine how each theory views personality development, characteristics, and traits. We will look at how each theorist views interpersonal relationships as well as how these theories can and are used in clinical or workplace settings today. Personality Analysis: Allport and Maslow There are many theories associate with the development of personality such as Humanistic, Existential and Individual theories. Each theory attempts to address the components of what makes an individual’s personality the way it is and attempts to use this theory to understand or better predict behavior. In this paper we will examine the ideas of personality development through the views of Abraham Maslow and Gordon Allport.
Each theory has their own similarities and differences which includes strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, it is ideal for a professional counselor to explore, and implement, many theories in his or her career. Adlerian Theory Key Concepts Adlerian Theory was developed by Alfred Adler who shared the same ideas as Freud but eventually concluded that Freud's concepts were too deterministic and limited. Adler eventually established his own theory of human development and psychotherapy, which he called Individual Psychology. Alfred Adler believed that understanding people grew from knowledge of their goals and drives, their family constellations, their social contexts, and their styles of life.
Critically assess the value of the construct 'personality' with reference to one specified theory of 'personality' in psychology A person’s character and identity is built up through their thoughts, feelings and behaviour and also by the situations that are experienced by the individual which cause us to act or react in certain ways. Not only that; but emotions, relationships and interactions with others have a huge effect on a person’s identity. Personality can be defined in a number of ways, Hall and Lindzey (1978) concluded after a review of personality theories that ‘… no substantive definition of personality can be applied with any generality…the way in which given individuals define personality will depend completely on their theoretical preference’. Child’s (1963) definition of personality is, however, one which is considered most acceptable by many psychologists: ‘…more or less stable, internal factors that make one person’s behaviour consistent from one time to another, and different from the behaviour other people would manifest in comparable situations’ (cited in Birch and Hayward, 1994, p. 42.).
There are many different constructions and theories on personality which all have their own strengths and weaknesses and all of which try to offer an explanation to the differences in people’s behaviour. This essay will look at Hans Eysenck’s Trait Theory (1965) which is interested in measuring people’s personality through traits. According to this perspective, traits are stable over time and differ between individuals. We will also look at George Kelly’s Personal Construct Theory (1955.) He believed that people develop constructs as internal ideas of reality to help them understand the world around them and that the way the world is viewed is based on individual experiences, interpretations and observations.
The aim of either Humanistic or Existential approaches is to facilitate the development of a person’s self-awareness and self-understanding. Therefore the premise of this paper is to elicit the significant roles each psychology plays in contributing to understanding aspects of human nature and provide an overview and evaluation of the approaches by comparing and contrasting the observed similarities and differences within their assumptions. Humanistic and Existential Ideologies Due to certain aspects that differentiate these two psychologies it is acknowledged that how they interpret the understanding of human nature comes from two distinct perspectives and thus generally defines them as… ‘not interchangeable with one another…(as)
Roni Leighah Darcy - Beadle Process, Relationship and Change within Three Distinctive Approaches to Counselling and Psychotherapy This essay will discuss and contrast three approaches to counselling and psychotherapy, these being Gestalt Therapy, Jungian Analysis and Transactional Analysis. Each will be evaluated in terms of features of the therapeutic process and their contribution to client change, and the assumptions inherent within each approach about client change will be considered. It will look at how each approach influences the therapist-client encounter, and the strengths and shortcomings of each approach will be taken into consideration. Where appropriate, ethics and professional issues will be examined. Differences and similarities between the three approaches will be taken into account, and a synthesis of the approaches will be offered.
A comparison of the Rorschach and Myers-Briggs Assessments submitted to: Dr. Lu Ezekanaga PY525 Abstract This paper was designed to evaluate two different assessments used in the process of personality assessment. The assessments that will be compared and contrasted in this paper are the Myers-Brigg and the Rorschach. Both tests have been used widely in the field of personality assessment. However, there are some positives and negatives to using one assessment over the other depending on what aspect of personality is being assessed. This paper will discuss the beneficial and non-beneficial aspects of both assessments.
Through reviewing the relationships that are there between Maslow’s theory and biological factors we will be in a position to see some focused similarities as well as its upcoming. Analyzing some of the main tenets of humanistic theory with some of the biological explanations will help us to be enlightened on different views of every personality theory. Personality is basically defined as the complex of all the attributes which are possessed by individuals and which uniquely defines their temperamental, behavioral, mental and emotional characteristics from the other people (Howard &Miriam, 2008).
All three concepts ultimately involved influencing others to complete a task. Social psychology is the study of how the presence of one or more people, whether it is real or imagined, can affect a person’s feelings, thoughts and behaviours (Allport, 1985, cited in Nail, Macdonald & Levy, 2000). The concepts of compliance, conformity and obedience all fall in the social psychology category. The purpose of the following paper is to compare and contrast the three concepts, specifically how they are similar and also how they are different. Definitions of each of the concepts will be given, as well as an applied example for each.
behavior therapy, cognitive therapy, and humanistic therapy. Going through the basic tenets of these approaches some similarities and dissimilarities can be found. The behavior therapy mainly focuses on “learning’s role in developing both normal and abnormal behaviors” (“Different approaches to psychotherapy”, n.d.). In this regard it can be said that behavior therapy differs from the approach called cognitive psychotherapy because the latter emphasizes more on the thought process than action. In other words, cognitive therapy “emphasizes what people think rather than what they do” (“Different approaches to psychotherapy”, n.d.).