They also rated the onlooker more highly if given positive feedback about their performance. This study shows that positive reinforcement, such as praise, will increase the likelihood of an individual rating that person more than they would if they had received no positive feedback. This supports the rewards/need satisfaction theory as it shows that receiving a reward
Stimuli that is rewarding produces positive feelings in us, and stimuli that is punishing produces negative feelings. As some of the stimuli are other people it follows that some people make us happy, while others do not. According to the principles of operant conditioning, we are likely to repeat any behaviour that leads to a desirable outcome and avoid behaviour that leads to an undesirable outcome. This theory suggests that we enter into relationships because the presence of some individuals in directly associated with reinforcement – they produce a positive feeling for us – which makes them more attractive to us. As well as being attracted to someone who directly makes us happy, we also like people who we associate with a pleasant experience.
We are more likely to form a relationship with those people who are associated with pleasant event e.g. we are more likely to like someone when we are in a happy mood opposed to unhappy. Support for this theory comes from Griffitt and Guay, they found that higher ratings were given when the experimenter had positively evaluated the participants, thus showing the importance of positive stimuli in relationship formation. Although, the reward / need satisfaction theory doesn’t take into account cultural and gender differences in the formation of romantic relationships. Lott suggests that in many cultures are more focused on the needs of others rather than receiving reinforcement.
People with this score tend to approach problems in a methodical manner that maximizes their chances for success. Perfectionistic Style The high score received in this style underscores a significant constraint to personal ad professional development. A high perfectionistic style score means that people tend to have trouble doing their best, even when something positively challenges
Individuals tend to search for others who have the same personality as their own. Extraverts are social and enjoy developing and maintaining interpersonal relationships (Personality and Interpersonal Relationships, n.d.). Extraverts seek out relationships and hold them to a higher quality. Individuals with the agreeableness trait are altruistic and strive for good relationships with others. They are sympathetic and provide emotional support for others in their network.
We may also be negatively reinforced by an individual helping us in our ‘time of need’. Both are said to increase our liking. We also find people rewarding through association. For example, if we met someone when we are in a pleasant mood we may
If someone likes, respects or admires another it is because they are trying to please that person. Some people have referent power even though they are not in formal leadership because of their charisma, likeability and emotional effect on
Second, “social roles come with the own set of expectations and contingencies that promote a reward structure that calls for becoming more socially dominant, agreeable, conscientious, and less neurotic” ( Roberts, 2004) . This when an adult realizes when to choose his or her fights. He or she is more confident and probably has realized that life changes constantly and it is very hard to control. A third and finally principle states “that the dominant pattern of role investments seen in quasi-universal tasks of social living, such as developing a career and career identity, helps explain the normative patterns of personality change that result from role investments” ( Roberts, 2004). Becoming a parent can be an example of this.
Perfection, Imperfection or Misconception Are the beautiful, wealthier and powerful people the happiest people on the planet? Do they have, and should have everything they want in life, just because they are attractive and wealthy? Does everyone has to worry in life to have the perfect body, size, weight, hair, lips, smile, status and power, even the perfect husband or wife in order to be happy? A person has to understand that what is offered on the outside is not as important as what it is in the inside. The key to happiness is optimism, love and acceptance.
Immediate incentives are more motivating than delayed incentives because the people will be perceived value more after task completion. Certain incentives are more preferred over uncertain incentives by people because several people avoid the risk and prefer a reward of a certain magnitude over a reward of an uncertain magnitude. Extrinsic incentives tend to motivate performance because it related with pay for performance. Consequently, the authors employed the meta-analysis to summarize, and review previous papers and concluded the three board factors that importance toward motivation in positive and negative perspectives. The Hypotheses and Discussion Ha1: Goal setting correlate with increasing motivation for novices that immediate incentives is moderated.