Their plan must be based on what they truly like, what they believe and the values they practices. 1.4 - Explain how the beliefs and values on which person-centred thinking is based differs from assessment and other approaches to planning. Some decisions may include decisions from professionals and specialists. Examples are their psychiatrist, doctor, social workers and others. Their views might not be needed to be considered but the decisions made by these professionals are for their best interest.
I am going to explore the core conditions that Carl Rogers uses in his theory of person centred counselling. There are three core conditions: congruence, empathic understanding and unconditional positive regard. These conditions are what Carl Rogers believed are the skills a counsellor needs in order to be able to support the client in their process of healing themselves. I am then going to use my own experiences to discuss why I feel that only using the person technique, for certain clients, may not be sufficient to make the progress they require on an emotional level. On the other hand I am going to discuss how learning the person centred approach has affected my personal and work life in a positive way.
MI is now established as an evidence-based practice in the treatment of individuals with substance use disorders. Although there are some technical considerations that may alter the practice of motivational interviewing with older people its basic principles remain the same: eliciting the patient’s concerns, reflecting ambivalence and allowing the patient to develop a plan for change that best suits him or her (Bugelli & Crowther, 2008). Motivational Interviewing focuses on exploring and resolving ambivalence and centers on motivational processes within the individual that facilitate change. Bugelli and Crowther content that the method differs from more “coercive” or externally-driven methods for motivating change as it does not impose change; but rather supports change in a manner congruent with the person's own values and concerns. Miller and Rollnick (2002) emphasize that they are less concerned about the techniques used in MI but put greater emphasis on the spirit that underlies it.
promoting choice and rights (4.1) Promoting individuality reduces the likelihood of abuse by enabling the vulnerable adults to feel part of their care by promoting their interests, aspirations and understand that everyone care needs are different. Getting to know your patients helps to create a strong bold and good working relationship. Promoting rights allows the vulnerable adults allows them to feel that their wishes and voice is heard and recognised and allows them to be individuals. Abuse is reduced by person centred values because institutional abuse often stems from things being done to people because it's convenient for the staff. The individual's feelings and preferences are not considered.
I think there, precisely, lies our responsibility to use ourselves as effective facilitators and introduce certain concepts and interventions only when participants are ready for them. I think that a well attuned therapist who works collaboratively with participants will not introduce interventions prematurely at the risk of a potential serious setback for the therapeutic process. But this is why engaging, assessing and evaluating are ongoing transactional throughout the therapeutic alliance. I do, however, think CBT has limitations as does any other form of therapy. I think that working with participants who have severe mental illness might be a challenge.
The main therapeutic techniques are: Logotherapy, the “I-thou model”, and the self-in-world concept. However since existential counseling is not a technique driven therapy, techniques from other therapies can be used effectively with an existential therapeutic focus. It appears applicable to a wide variety of counseling situations in which clients are seeking to resolve issues concerning the ultimate ‘meaning of life’ and does focus on the collaborative nature of the counselor – client relationship. Running Head: EXISTENTIAL COUNSELING 3 Existential therapy or counseling is classified as a humanistic theory by Maslow due to its focus on helping people achieve their full potential in life (Maddi, 1978). It is viewed more as an attitudinal or philosophical approach to counseling rather than a theory of therapy because it is loosely based on existential philosophy and it is not tied to any particular therapeutic technique (Sharf, 2004).
Such ability is considered at the essence of all effective therapeutic relationships. Clearly if the therapist holds certain judgements for the client which for whatever reason cannot be put aside for the benefit of the client there is an immediate barrier to effective rapport building. At the very least the client may detect in some intangible way such a barrier and sense it as the therapists’ ‘dislike’ of them which would immediately hinder their susceptibility to relaxing and engaging honestly with the therapist. ‘If your belief system gets in the way of working with a particular client, then you must refer that client to someone else who would be comfortable with them’ Ericksonian Approaches A Comprehensive Manual Battino & South Crown House Publishing 1999. Building a positive regard with your client however, goes beyond your own personal beliefs.
Central to the therapist's role in client-centred therapy is respecting the clients values as well as maintaining a therapeutic nonjudgmental attitude. This relationship can be even be more important, especially if the client doesn't have any family or friends. Because most clients seems to have lost a sense of value within themselves, having someone perceive them as a valuable person, capable of personal growth, should have an encouraging affect. The goals of the client-centered therapist are congruence, unconditional
The counsellors act in a non-judgemental, non-directive manner, displaying warmth, empathy and unconditional personal regard towards the service users. These humanistic approaches are central to the development of the therapeutic or caring relationship and define qualities necessitated by those who seed to work in a holistic and person-centred way. (American Psychological Association, 2012) The Cognitive Perspective and Health Care Practice Cognitive behaviour therapy is based on the idea that feelings and behaviours are caused by an individual's thoughts, not an exterior stimuli for instance, individuals, situations and events. Individuals may not be able to alter their circumstances, but they can alter how they think about them and consequently alter how they feel and behave, according to cognitive-behaviour therapists. (About.com, 2012) In the treatment for alcohol and drug dependence, the goal of cognitive behavioural therapy is to teach the individual to recognise situations in which they are most likely to consume alcohol or use drugs, avoid these circumstances if possible, and cope with additional problems and behaviours which may result in their substance abuse.
(Rogers, 1979) 6. The communication to the client of the therapist’s empathic understanding and unconditional positive regard are to some degree achieved PCT emphasises the relationship between the counsellor and the client. For PCT to be effective, the client must be aware, to some level, of the existence of the therapist’s empathy and unconditional positive regard for the client. If not, they do not exist in the relationship for client and so change cannot occur in therapy (Rogers,