Quantitative data deals primarily with numerical characteristics, such as the weight or amount of a particular substance. Qualitative data, however, refers to observable characteristics such as taste, touch, smell, etc. It should be noted, however, that qualitative data can be converted into quantitative data, provided that there is a numerical rubric or basis for gradation. In chemistry, qualitative data allows chemists to generally identify the presence of certain types of ions, elements, compounds, etc. that are present in a sample, by generally observing the physical and chemical properties of the sample when they react with compounds with known reagents.
Chemical Bonding, structure and Quantity Aim To investigating a range of compound which include metallic, covalent molecular, covalent giant and ionic giant Materials used and list of apparatus Google Bunsen burner Test tube Power supply Spatula Tongs Mats Method To discover the characteristic physical properties of the substances six tests were done. These were tests of appearance, melting point, conductivity of solid, solubility in water, conductivity of solution and hardness. Test 1: Appearance. This was to note whether the substance was shiny, dull, with colour etc. Test 2: Melting point.
Titration lab report Chemistry unit 3 Abstract In this investigation it was looked at the titration of HCL with NaOH, this is a neutralization reaction that is performed in lab in order to determine an unknown concentration of acid (HCL). In this investigation the moles and concentration of acid as well as the Ph of the solution were find out, the mole of 25ml of HCL was 0.65, concentration was 0.026 and the Ph of solution was 1.58Ph. Introduction Titration is a process to measure the volume of an end product, which is produced by reacting a solution of known concentration with a measured volume of a solution of an unknown concentration. The known concentration solution is called a standard solution, it will be added from a buret to allow measure the amount of solution which is added. The solution that is added by buret also called titrant.
Physical Measurements and Properties: Essential Tools for Lab Objective: The objective of this laboratory experiment was to be able to measure different substances and determine its physical measurements and properties. Introduction: All surrounding us there are many different substances and those substances are identified according to its physical and chemical properties (Lab Manual). The field of chemistry and medicine involves being able to determine measurements as well as physical properties. These concepts play a major role in these professions. A part of making a measurement is distinguishing its unit, whether its inches, centimeters, liters, or meters.
Thin Layer Chromatography Introduction (Adapted from Mohrig, 1st ed., pp. 151-162.) Chromatography is a sophisticated method of separating mixtures of two or more compounds. The separation is accomplished by the distribution of the mixture between two phases: one that is stationary and one that is moving. Chromatography works on the principle that different compounds will have different solubilities and adsorption to the two phases between which they are to be partitioned.
Hydrometallurgy to Analyze a Chromite Sample : Chromium can be used in the production of stainless steel and other nonferrous alloys in order to enhance their harden ability and to make the alloys more resistant to corrosion and oxidation. It can also be used to plate metals, make pigments, process leather, catalyze, and treat surfaces. Chromite is the only ore of chromium. Chromite is iron magnesium chromium oxide. Metallurgy can be used in order to recover the chromium from the chromite ore.
Metal Activity Series Lab Introduction: Single displacement reactions take place when a chemical reaction occurs between an element and a compound, to in turn create a new element and a new compound. This type of chemical reaction can be seen through the equation: A + BC= AC + B as well as shown through figure 1 below. In single displacement reactions, a metal will usually replace a metal while a non-metal will replace a non-metal, as seen in figure 2 below. However, whether or not one element is replaced by another element depends on how reactive each element is. Over the years, scientists have gathered evidence through single displacement reactions to test the reactivity of many metals and non-metals, and have generated a list of these elements in order of most reactive to least reactive.
This type of extractive metallurgy is called hydrometallurgy. First, the metal must be extracted by dissolving the metal in a solvent, and then the metal is removed from the solution. The waste materials are thrown out. Leeching, separating the waste and purifying the solution attained by leeching, and precipitating either the metal or a pure compound derived from the leech solution are necessary for this process of hydrometallurgy. Through these processes and skills, the chemical composition of the unknown sample can be determined.
Liquid resins are converted into insoluble and infusible solids through oxirane reactions. The oxirane structure is referred as epoxy functionality. The resin used in the experiment has a functionality of two. Resins are usually prepared with the reactions of bisphenols –and generally commercially bisphenol A- with epichlorohydrin or glycidyl chloride. Epoxy resins are generally cured with primary/secondary polyamines, anhydrides, and polyamides.
Physical properties include: colour, odor, density, melting point, texture, boiling point, solubility, freezing point, conductivity and malleable amongst others. * * Chemical properties can only be observed once a substance undergoes a chemical reaction/change. Essentially describing how a substance will react with other substances: a change to the chemical formula. Chemical properties include: flammability, toxicity, reactivity with water and heat of combustion. * * The more identifiable properties, the greater understanding of the nature of a substance and its behaviour under various conditions.