C) its potential energy increases and its electric potential increases. D) its potential energy decreases and its electric potential decreases. Answer: B Diff: 2 Type: BI Var: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 17.1-17.3 6) Several electrons are placed on a hollow conducting sphere. They A) clump together on the sphere's outer surface.
When atoms bond together they share or transfer electrons to achieve a more stable electron arrangement, often a full outer main level of electrons, like the noble gases. There are three types of strong chemical bonds: 1.__ionic______, 2.____covalent____ and metallic IONIC bonding • Ionic bonding occurs between metals and non-metals • Metal atoms 3. ___lose___ electrons • Non-metal atoms gain electrons • Positive and negative ions are formed Sodium chloride has ionic bonding. [pic] • The sodium ion is positively charged because it has lost a negative electron
These protons and neutrons of the nucleus are called nucleons. The force that holds these nucleons together inside the nucleus is called the strong nuclear force. This force has special properties as it is independent of charge and is stronger than the electrostatic repulsion forces between protons. This understanding of stability has allowed scientists to
Using the periodic table, determine the result of the following calculation: the number of electrons in the outer shell of a hydrogen atom minus the number of electrons in the outer shell of a helium atom plus the number of electrons in the outer shell of a hydrogen atom. • 8 electrons, minus 2 for the first orbital, second orbital will have 6 making them valence 5. When is an electron a valence electron? Why are valence electrons especially important in chemical reactions? • When it is on the very outside level away from the nucleus A valence electron is one that occupies the highest energy level for any electron in a particular neutral atom.
When two different atoms are bonded together, each attracts the electrons differently like a tug-of-war between two unequal teams, producing a dipole. The positive part of one molecule is then attracted to the negative part of another molecule. The shape of a molecule also contributes to the formation of a dipole. Molecules containing three or more atoms may be linear in shape or bent. Depending on how symmetrical or how bent the molecule is, the formation of a dipole in molecules will differ.
I concluded that the effect of the lone electron pairs on the shape of molecules are that lone electron pairs take up more space than an atom would. Introduction A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons is known as covalent bonding. A covalent bond can either be polar or non- polar. Polar bonding is with an unequal sharing of electrons between two different nonmetals.
The fact that the energy needed to break the necessary bonds falls within the visible light spectrum is the basis on which the experiment is based. This brings up the issue of selectivity. For example, the bromine radical is more selective than the chlorine radical. This has to do with electronegativity. It is known that chlorine is more electronegative than bromine, and thus chlorine is more reactive, and less discriminatory as to what it will react with, thus making bromine more “selective”.
What causes intramolecular force? Intramolecular forces create solids and liquids. This type of force is caused by charged particles inside the atoms that make molecules, as the particles attract and repulse .As two molecules approach each other the negative charged electrons in one molecule are attracted to the positive charge nuclei in the neighbouring molecule. As this attraction takes place the electron is also repelled by the other electrons in the other molecule. This attraction and repellent of can cause temporary distortion of the electron cloud of a molecule so that a weak overall attraction exists between two molecules.
Project Report Spin Transport in Semiconductors EE-453 U1 Group Members: Fatemah AlSejari- 17429 Fatema AlMuteiry-15020 Spin Transport in Semiconductors Introduction Semiconductors are special materials that have diffusive and drift current, that there is a significant interaction between a diffusive spin current and a drift charge current. In semiconductors such as silicon the electrochemical potential (μ_Spin) of the spin is not constant through the material. The spin accumulation considered as a function of magnitude at each point. Because of that, there are many features of the spin transport in semiconductor such as spin conversion between drift and diffusion currents, and a gain/damping of the spin current by a charge current. Due
Technically, electricity is created by particles that carry a charge, usually electrons. In a wire or any other conductor, electrons move freely around the stationary atomic nuclei making up the conductor. Electrical current is the movement of these charged particles. In most conductors, the flow of electrons is impeded by some resistance, which can be thought of as collisions of electrons with the nuclei or other electrons. This creates an atomic-level "friction" which produces heat (and light in some cases, such as a light bulb or glowing heater element).