It has been suggested that babies sleep longer as an adaptive measure to make their parents life a lot easier. This is shown as adults are then able to clean, sleep and eat to ensure better survival. This is supported by the fact that premature babies whose brains are very underdeveloped spend about ninety percent in REM. A one year old will now have established a gradual maturation of sleep EEG patterns thus they begin to look more like adults. They are usually able to sleep at night and therefore have fewer naps during the day totalling about 10-12 hours of sleep a day.
Outline and evaluate restoration explanations of the functions of sleep (4 marks + 16 marks) Oswald proposes that every stage of sleep is essential for restoration. Stages 1-4 of Slow Wave Sleep (SWS) aid body repair- physical restoration, and REM sleep aid brain recovery- physical and psychological restoration. During SWS, growth hormones are stimulated, which are important in childhood and adulthood as it enables protein synthesis and growth to occur. This is necessary because body tissue and proteins must be constantly renewed, therefore suggests the function of SWS is physical restoration. On the other hand, Horne (1988) extends Oswald’s theory.
Their sleep was also restricted on the night before the laboratory day. Research found that there was not enough evidence to support that caffeine intake improved the way young adults felt or acted during the testing period, contrary to the world wide conception that caffeine is a effective stimulant. The testing was done 4 times and took about 2 hours to complete. Sleep is also a very important factor when it comes to performance and mood, whether or not caffeine is ingested. The Effects of Sleep and Caffeine on Performance and Mood The study was done to see if performance and mood could be affected in healthy young adults by their daily caffeine intake and sleeping habits.
When babies are born they can recognise familiar sounds and have developed some taste. Each new experience that changes behaviour is called learning, if the experience is repeated or the stimulus is strong more nerve impulses are sent along the new pathway. This reinforces the learning process. Repetition strengthens the connections between neurons. Research helps us look into the importance of sleep, as it shows it helps our bodies to repair themselves and our brains to look at our memories and process information.
The most important biological activity occurring in all humans and animal species is sleep. The average person will have spent a cumulative total of between 20 and 25 years asleep by 70 years of age. Sleep affects many of behavioral and physiological functions, such as memory, cognitive ability, immune function and hormone secretion. Sleep deprivation has been found to have numerous effects on both behavioral and physiological functioning. Moreover, the effects will be cumulative, so a mild reduction in sleep per night can be after a period of time, result in significant functional deficits.
The main objective of the present study was to conduct an in depth study of the advances made in the therapy with music and the developments made in its applications in the healthcare. The Effects of Music Therapy as an Alternative Treatment for Teenagers with Stress and Anxiety .Music has the power to transform any despair into joy and helps a great deal in the relaxation of the mind, body and soul. In today's times of stress and anxiety, music therapy is an effective therapy to deal with any emotional or psychological problem. The idea of music as a healing influence which
Have you ever wondered why people dream? I have and so I decided to learn something new. Researchers and dream doctors say dreaming is normal. Everyone dreams, it’s a normal part of your sleep cycle. Sleep is how we rejuvenate and restore many of the body’s functions.
Proponents of this theory believe that we dream to exercise the synapses, or pathways, between brain cells, and that dreaming takes over where the active and awake brain leaves off. When awake, our brains constantly transmit and receive messages, which course through our billions of brain cells to their appropriate destinations, and keep our bodies in perpetual motion. Dreams replace this function. Two underpinning physiological facts go towards supporting this theory of dreams. The first lies in the fact that the first two or so years of ones life, the most formative ones for learning, are also the ones in which the most REM sleep occurs.
Sleep has been found to be more important in children than adults. A study was taken on 12 year old children to see what effect sleep had on them. In this study, there was a comparison between overweight children that slept only 14.4 minutes less than normal weight children (Horne). The results brought the conclusion that for every extra hour of sleep, the child was 20%-40% less likely to be overweight (Horne). This appears to be a bigger impact than in adults.
Health care encompasses both nature and nurture, as it deals with health related to genetic inheritance as well as health related to our experiences. When considering Maslow’s hierarchy of needs as a theory of personality development, health care is a basic need, specifically a physiological need and a security need. When basic needs are unmet, personal growth is extremely difficult, making it nearly impossible to meet one’s full potential. Access to quality health care encourages positive personality development. Because our personality develops during childhood and adolescence and then remains quite constant for the rest of our lives, childhood and adolescence are the most critical years, regarding personality development, to have access to health care.