Mixed Solutions: If 1 mmole of glucose (180mg=1mOsm) and 1 mmole of NaCl (58mg=2mmOsm) are put into a beaker and distilled water added to make 1 liter, the osmolarity is 3 mOSm/L. OSMOSIS CALCULATIONS: 1. Calculate the number of grams of NaCl needed to prepare 100 mL of a 280mOsm.L Solution. (280mosm/l) *(1L/1000mL)*(100mm/1)*(29mg/1mosm)*(1g/1000mg)=0.812g 2. Calculate the number of grams of glucose needed to prepare 100mL of a 280 msm/L glucose solution.
2. Using the funnel, fill dialysis sacs with approximately 20ml of the specified liquid. Sac #1 and #2 filled with 40% glucose solution, sac#3 – 10% NaCl solution and sac #4 filled with 40% sucrose solution. They have to be weighted (data chart on table 1) and then each of the sac dropped into particular corresponding beaker. Sac #1 placed into beaker #1 with distilled water, sac #2 placed into beaker #2 with 40% glucose solution and so forth.
AP LAB 1: Diffusion and Osmosis Exercise 1A: Title: Diffusion Objectives: * To understand the mechanism of diffusion and its significance in cells. * To understand how solute size and concentration gradients effect diffusion across a selectively permeable membrane. * To understand how a selectively permeable membrane between two solutions effects diffusion between them. Hypothesis: If I observe that a Benedict's test has came back positive for glucose in the beaker when it came back negative initially, the color of the bag has been tinted from initially being clear, and the mass of the bag has increased; then I will conclude that the dialysis tubing is permeable to glucose, iodine potassium-iodide, and water but not starch, and diffusion has occurred. Procedure: 1.
Vinegar, Antacid, and Soap all became positive solutions after I put in the enzyme. A change in pH disrupts an enzyme's shape and structure. pH measure acidity--water is neutral and has a pH of 7. When the pH changes an enzyme's structure, the enzyme can't do its job. Changes in pH break the delicate bonds that maintain an enzyme's shape.
In part C of the experiment, we were to demonstrate osmosis between distilled water and each of the solutions in the dialysis tubes (water, 0.2 M, 0.6 M, 0.8 M, and 1.0 M sucrose all represented by unknown colors). We hypothesized that all of the dialysis bags except water will increase in mass. This is because the bags will be hypertonic to the distilled water solution in the beaker, meaning that there are more solutes and less water than the surrounding. In a hypertonic condition, water is rushed into the cell (or the dialysis tube in this case) in order to dilute the concentrated solution in the cell. Water would not change in mass because it is isotonic to its surrounding.
Lab 5: Osmosis Purpose The purpose of this lab is to familiarize you with osmosis and, specifically, what happens to cells when they are exposed to solutions of differing tonicities. Hypothesis Since the 1% sugar solution is being placed into the same type of environment (1% sugar solution), the result should be no change in weight of the simulated cell. However, when the 1% sugar solution is placed into a 50% sugar solution environment, the cell will shrink in size because of the hypertonic tonicity; the water will rush out of the cell to create equilibrium through osmosis, resulting in the shrinkage of the cell. On the contrary, when a 50% and a 20% sugar solution are placed onto an environment of 1% sugar solution, respectively, the cells will bloat up and explode (possibly not in this experiment depending on the strength of our tubing) due to the hypotonic tonicity; the water from the 1% sugar solution will rush into the cell to create an equal amount of solute-to-solution ratio inside, and outside, of the cell. Materials & Methods Materials: · Scale · 4 6” Dialysis Tubing · 4 Transfer Pipets · Sugar · Scissors · Rubber Bands · 4 Same-Sized Coffee Cups · 250ml Graduated Cylinder · Tape Measure · Sauce Pan · 3 600ml Containers · Plastic Covering · Spoon Methods: 1.)
The first simulated cell will be 1% sucrose solution placed into a 1% sucrose solution. I believe this simulated cell will show us the isotonic part of this lab. I do not think this simulated cell will change in size due to the fact that the simulated cell and the solution it is being placed in are both equal. Therefore, no exchange in water will happen. The second simulated cell will be 1% sucrose solution placed into a 50% sucrose solution.
What type of assay was used to measure plasma insulin and glucagon levels? Radioimmunoassay Results Table 2: Glucose and Ketone Concentration in Blood Plasma Fasting Immediately post meal I hr post meal 2 hr post meal 3 hr post meal Sub. 1 5.4 6.5 Glucose (mmol/l) Sub. 2 Sub. 3 5.4 5.4 6.3 6.5 average 5.4 6.4 Sub.
Normally, net diffusion of both solute and water occurs until the concentration of water (and solute) is the same on both sides of the membrane (equilibrium). When the membrane is impermeable to solutes it creates a different result. In this situation, water diffuses from the side with lower solute concentration to the side with higher solute concentration. This continues until its concentration is the same on the two sides of the membrane. The movement of water leads to dramatic changes in the volumes of the two compartments.
The digestion and absorption of the nutrients we consume draw the negative materials from the body. The body’s temperature stays at the same level and its acid-base balance will be healthy. When not enough water is consumed, major health problems may arise, such as: Headaches, forgetfulness, inability to concentrate: Ninety percent of the brain is water. For this reason dehydration’s first symptoms appear in brain function. It isn’t necessary to take medicine for every headache that develops: Drinking water is often the cure.