Optimization Of a Traffic Light Controller

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OPTIMZATION OF A TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROLLER IN A CITY BY USING THE WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS ABSTRACT In today’s scenario there is an increase in urban traffic which has lead to traffic congestions, long travel time and increase in hazards to pedestrians due to the inefficient traffic light controls. This demands for the implementation of new methods in the design of traffic light control for vehicles and pedestrian crossings. In a conventional traffic light controller, the traffic lights change at constant cycle times which are clearly not optimal. The preset cycle time regardless of the dynamic traffic load only adds to the problem. It would be more feasible and sensible to pass more vehicles at the green interval if there are fewer vehicles waiting behind the red lights or vice versa. In this paper a novel decentralized traffic control using wireless sensor network has been discussed. In this system the wireless sensors are placed on the lanes going in and out of the intersection. These sensors detect the vehicles’ number, speed and send their data to the nearest Intersection Control Agent (ICA) which, determines the flow model of the intersection depending on sensors’ data . The main aim of this system is to maximize the flow of vehicles and reduce their waiting time. It can optimize the traffic flow by utilizing the free roads as tremendous amount of time and power is wasted due to a green traffic light with no cars passing on its lane. INTRODUCTION The monitoring and control of vehicular traffic and pedestrians poses a major challenge to the transport authorities around the world. The escalating number of vehicles in the cities not only has a huge environmental impact, but also results in loss of lives on the road. This situation demands for a comprehensive approach involving a system in which the

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