Only in the Contemplation of Beauty Is Humn Life Worth Living'Plato, Symposium

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‘ONLY IN THE CONTEMPLATION OF BEAUTY IS HUMAN LIFE WORTH LIVING’ PLATO, SYMPOSIUM 211d Alexander Nehamas Socrates’ speech in praise of eros in the Symposium (201d–212c) is perhaps one of ¯ the most influential passages Plato ever composed.1 It is also one of the most discussed, and any attempt to add to the huge literature that surrounds it needs some justification. My reason for returning to it is not so much a desire to offer yet another interpretation of what Plato really meant to say about the relationship between eros and its inherent attraction to to kalon, which I will translate as ¯ ‘beauty’. What I would like to try to do is to see how much of what Plato says here can be read not just as an inspired (and inspiring) flight of the imagination but also as something we can actually believe—a solid, knowing and accurate description of the phenomenology of love and beauty. nnnnnnnnnn In the closing parts of his speech, Socrates (claiming to be repeating the words of Diotima, a holy woman with prophetic abilities) describes a complex hierarchy of different levels of love and lovers (207c ff.). At the lowest stage, he locates men who are attracted primarily to the beauty of the human body—these are, he says, lovers of women and their union with beauty results in the generation of children. The second stage includes men who are drawn more to the beauty of the human soul than they are to the human body and turn to paederasty. These lovers themselves are of two kinds. There are, first, those who are in pursuit of fame and who, in love with a particular boy, are inspired to create poetry or legislation which benefits both their lover and their city as a whole—theirs, Socrates says, is an intellectual rather than a biological progeny. But there are also those who are moved by a passion for wisdom and whose intercourse with beauty results in a life devoted to

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