Abnormal Psychology Lisa Mac Donald-Clark PSY/410 December 19, 2011 Mark Hurd Abnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology, also known as psychopathology, is the branch of psychology that deals with abnormal behaviors and mental illness (Hansell & Damour, (2008). Although psychopathology is a fascinating field of study it can be equally challenging, covering a broad range of disorders, illnesses, and symptoms. Defining abnormal psychology also poses a challenge. The fundamental concept of abnormal would seem simple in that it would include anything that falls outside of what societies considers normal. Narrowing the group association is essential in defining the behavior as normal or abnormal.
Most people are not successful when dieting because they lack an belief that states they can indeed change, their efforts are not likely to succeed. The reformed smoker who once habitually smoked in a particular setting at work, or under the influence of a particular drug or alcohol, or in the presence of
Dementia suffers even become unable to recognise familiar people, and even themselves in a mirror as they are unable to grasps that both their loved ones and themselves have aged, also they forget times, dates and years and can even forget they have eaten. 1.3 Individuals with dementia, especially in the more advanced stages struggle to understand, process and retain information and instructions, so need to be given clear concise information where keywords and short prompts are used, and trying to avoid overloading them with too much information in order to avoid further confusion. Also the individuals who maybe are able to process and retain
Physical effects: headaches, poor appetite, a change in eating habits, sleeplessness, loss or gain of weight, deterioration of health, bruises, lack of personal hygiene and lack of energy. Emotional effects: low self-esteem, lack of confidence, feeling unwanted, insecurity, becoming withdrawn, depression,
INSTITUTIONAL – failure to maintain professional boundaries, misuse of authority, power over vulnerable individuals, inappropriate use of medication and physical restraint. SELF NEGLECT – neglecting personal hygiene, causing bodily harm and refusing to eat or drink. NEGLECT BY OTHERS – not caring for an individual that needs help in basic hygiene like washing, feeding toileting and personal care. 1.2 The signs and symptoms of abuse can be bite marks on individual or bruising, changes in certain behaviours which can also lead to death in extreme cases. You may also see cuts on an individual from self harming, inappropriate sexual behaviour and could lead to repeated urinary infections.
For example, if I am acting like a clown and saying things that others may think isn't funny then they may think I am abnormal. According to the textbook, abnormal behavior are patterns of emotion, thought, and action that are considered pathological (diseased or disoriented) for one or more of these reasons: statistical infrequency, disability or dysfunction, personal distress, or violation of norms. Another scientific definition is that "abnormal psychology is a division of psychology that studies people who are abnormal or atypical compared to the members of a given society" (McLeod, S. A. 2008). The four criterias that are to be met for behavior to be considered abnormal are statistical infrequency, disability or dysfunction, personal distress, and violation of norms.
Aii > G~ Signs-symptoms The individual would be isolated and fee l fear, anxiety, anger and hesitate to speak openly, they may have weight loss and malnutrition, There hygiene would be poor and have untreated physical and medical problems like bed sores, they would have lack of support and medical aids like walking frame or wheelchair, they may show signs of fear towards care staff . They would be left dirty and
Financial abuse could be depriving the individual of money, pressuring to give money away, fraud, overcharging and theft. Institutional abuse would involve lack of choice, ie; bed times, meals, hygiene. Lack of privacy, lack of supervision and restriction when using telephones. Self neglect would be the individual not washing themselves or not maintaining cleanliness in their own environment, not eating and drinking. Neglect by others would be not providing healthcare, nourishment, leaving in an unsafe environment and not assisting or encouraging hygiene.
Self-neglect generally manifests itself in an older person as a refusal or failure to provide himself/herself with adequate food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, medication (when indicated), and safety precautions unwilling to accept support from people and unwilling to see friends or family or go out. Signs and symptoms of self-neglect include dehydration, malnutrition, untreated or improperly attended medical conditions, and poor personal hygiene hazardous or unsafe living conditions/arrangements (e.g. improper wiring, no indoor plumbing, no heat, no running water) unsanitary or unclean living quarters (e.g. animal/insect infestation, no functioning toilet, fecal/urine smell) inappropriate and/or inadequate clothing, lack of the necessary medical aids (e.g., eyeglasses, hearing aids, dentures) and grossly inadequate housing or homelessness. Neglect by others: Not assisting with eating when required, not ensuring receiving personal care or adequately clothed refusal or failure to provide an any person with such life necessities as food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, comfort, personal safety, and other essentials included , leaving individual alone, not assisting individual with communication and mobility needs, Not maintaining clean and safe and secure environment, failing to obtain necessary medical help, not supporting social
There are several different symptoms of dementia including, behavioural problems (affecting cognition), disorientation, and loss of ability to care for one’s self. Patients suffer from forgetting normal behavioural patterns such as poor judgement and spending money inappropriately. This is known as cognition. There are two kinds of cognition problems that patients suffer from, such as cortical dementia and sub-cortical dementia. Cortical dementia is not being able to do gross motor movement, language disturbance, and memory loss.