The unconscious mind is when you are doing or thinking something without being alert or aware that you are doing it. Along the idea of the unconscious mind Freud also developed the concept of the ‘ID’, the ‘Ego’ and the ‘Superego’. The id is described as an impulsive, selfish side to our personality which is ruled by a pleasure principle, the superego is the moral part of our personality which recognises right from wrong; and our ego is the part of our mind which tries to rationalise and arbitrate both sides of our thoughts. Freud believed that there were two main causes of abnormality in general. One of these was childhood traumas and the idea that a bad memory from our childhood is so traumatic that it buries itself in our subconscious.
For example, a person fixated on the anal stage is usually described as being very obsessive and particulate. An advantage of the psychodynamic approach is that it shows how abnormal behaviour can be a result of unconscious conflict, which is why a person may not understand why they’re behaving a certain way or why different therapies aren’t working for them. A criticism of the approach is that it isn’t scientific or researched. Most of Freud’s findings are based on case studies which can’t be replicated or generalised to a wider population. There is also evidence that Freud exaggerated some of his findings to suit his theory.
Most of our frustrations are self-induced. We ultimately accept the thoughts and feelings that are presented to us and feed more on the negative than the positive. Ellis believed that people base their future actions on their past behavior because they believe a certain way about their behavior. Teaching unconditional self-love helps correct this behavior by reducing the
Mattheq Warren Psy 375 Life span perspective tries to understand how people develop and change through their life (Berger, 2008). The main goal of life span perspective is to concentrate on the continuous change of life, also, how people take in and adapt to the change in their life (Berger, 2008). There are many different ideas that include the properties and influences within the nature vs. nurture catch-22. Recent studies in psychology believe there contains a better understanding of this issue, and rather combines the influences that make out the development of a human life span (Berger, 2008). Of the different theories of Lifespan Development, Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and Erik Erikson's theory of Psychosocial Development are among the key theories of Lifespan Development (Berger, 2008).
Studies show that psychopaths have impaired amygdales, which is a part of the brain that controls emotional and fearful expressions and emotional learning (Craig et al, 2009). Psychopaths also have been shown to have both, less activity and less grey matter in the prefrontal cortex, which controls impulse control, decision-making and behavioral adaptation (Craig et al, 2009). In studies performed by Dr. Hare on some of his clients, he found through the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) that his clients did not seem to respond any normally to negative emotional words, as measured in the limbic regions of the brain (where normal humans respond). They did, however, respond in other parts of the brain. He explained that those clients seemed to respond unemotionally to the stimuli, as an android
According to Freud, the unconscious continues to influence our behavior and experience, even though we are unaware of these underlying influences.” (About.com) Freud believed that the unconscious can influence one’s behavior, and even one’s experiences. If the book is taken metaphorically, not literally, perhaps one could come to the conclusion that the feeling’s in Gregor’s unconscious mind of worthlessness and pain turned him into a vermin. The conscious mind is everything that one is aware of. It is what permits us to think, speak, and observe rationally. It is also the sum of feelings, beliefs,
Although Wright uses such biological functions as one experiencing fatigue, and emotional responses like distress as causing ADHD symptoms. He states the symptoms change as the child grows, and are not long term symptoms. A positive in Wrights article is he offers the reader different options for treatment. As with the NIMH the greatest weakness of the article is the lack of evidence of long term use of medication in treating the symptoms of ADHD. How credible were the authors of each argument?
This was suggested by Freud. This approach suggests that phobias are learnt through repression and displacement. Repression is a defence mechanism where thoughts that provoke distress are pushed into the unconscious mind so that they don’t have to be dealt with in the conscious mind. Displacement is another defence mechanism when emotions are diverted onto something else away from the thing that caused the anxiety. The theory is mainly based on Freud’s Little Hans study.
Psychodynamic Aspect Antisocial personality disorder is mainly characterized by the sufferer’s flagrant disregard of other individuals’ rights. (Hansel & Damour, 2008). In other words, people with antisocial personality disorder are insensitive to other people’s feelings and interests; instead they solely focus on their own interests and feelings alone. Individuals with this disorder do not feel remorse or guilt for their wrong doings. The Psychodynamic application and treatment of antisocial personality disorder is linked with the assumption that the sufferers are born into dysfunctional families with physical abuse tendencies, cruel, and are emotionally turbulent (Akhtar, 1992).
Hester Prynne exemplifies the definition of human strength as well as the positive outcome of adversity. The difference between the way Chillingworth and Dimmesdale handles adversity from Hester is the ability to hide and express their emotions. Unlike Hester who calmly and thoroughly evaluates every adversity, Chillingworth and Dimmesdale, both mentally weak, allow their feelings to take control of them causing them to lose sight of the goal and fall into disarray. Attitude while handling these grievances are important because of the way they interact with ones actions. Allowing your emotions to overwhelm you displays weakness causing negative traits and habits to form leading to a demoralizing fate.