Nestlé Case Essay

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Nestlé The former managing director of Nestle, Pierre Liotard-Vogt, said, "Perhaps we are the only real multinational company existing." Although this may be something of an exaggeration, it is difficult to find other companies with such a high dependence on foreign involvement. The Swiss-based company, one of the world's fifty largest industrials, was international from the start. Nestle was formed by a 1905 merger between an American-owned company and a German-owned company. About 98 percent of Nestle's sales are outside of Switzerland, and about half of the top management at the Vevey headquarters is non-Swiss. A Frenchman, an Italian, a German, and a Swiss who took out U.S. citizenship have at various times held the position of chief executive officer...The one area in which the company is still primarily Swiss is in ownership. Until 1988, two thirds of the shares were registered in Switzerland and could be bought only by other Swiss; however, this ownership restriction was changed in response to criticism about Swiss companies' takeovers abroad, particularly unfriendly ones. Nestle expects that eventually Swiss owners will be a minority. In 1992, Nestle's sales from 482 factories in sixty-seven countries were 54.5 billion Swiss francs. With such a wide geographic spread of operations, Nestle maintains clear-cut policies on where decisions will be made and what roles corporate and host-country managers will play. A major responsibility of Nestle's corporate management is to give the company strategic direction. T0 do this, it decides in which geographic areas and to which products it plans to allocate efforts. For example, in the early 1 980s, Nestle became less dependent on chocolate and Third-World markets by placing more emphasis on culinary products and on the North American market. By the early I 990s, it was placing more emphasis on LDCs, especially

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