Negotiation of Identity in Multilingual Contexts

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Aneta Pavlenko, Adrian Blackledge (Eds.), Multilingual Matters, 2004, x + 349 pages, £27.95, ISBN 1-85359-646-9 Negotiation of Identity in Multilingual Contexts presents a broad view of issues related to language contact, multilingualism, and language and identity. The book’s eleven chapters draw data from five continents, and use a range of qualitative analyses, including participant observation and ethnographic methods, interviews, and discourse analysis. Theoretical perspectives are also somewhat varied, though the volume’s editors, Aneta Pavlenko and Adrian Blackledge, see all of them united under the heading of ‘post structuralism’. Certainly, the authors all take a clear-eyed, more or less critical view of the societies they analyze, the functions of language varieties within these societies, and the interrelationship of language and identity, broadly defined. Of course, the broadness of definitions of identity – or worse, the lack of systematic definitions – can be a problem for studies that claim to treat the subject. Fortunately, the contributions to this volume do share at least a general definition. In their introduction, the editors declare, ‘‘We view identities as social, discursive, and narrative options offered by a particular society in a specific time and place to which individuals and groups of individuals appeal in an attempt to self-name, to self-characterize, and to claim social spaces and social prerogatives.’’ By locating identity within particular social settings, and allowing individuals to position themselves through more or less ratified practices, this definition provides the volume with a suitably specific subject and unites the various contributions. Post-structural analyses such as those presented here are sometimes criticized for implying a lack of agency on behalf of individual subjects. The contributions here
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