Nature versus Nurture of Child development “Genes and family may determine the foundation of the home, but time and place determine its form.”(Kagan, 2010). Every person in this world has their own distinctive personality and behavior. People may wonder why an individual acts the way they do or what makes someone different from each other? These kinds of questions naturally intrigue us. Personality psychologists claimed that one of the most profound challenges is to account for personality development, that’s why they put this into a study whether an individual’s behavior are caused by heredity or the environment, this study is known as the “nature” and “nurture”.
Characteristics are features of an individual which separates people’s differences by the way they behave, their appearance, emotions and the way they think. Personality is the distinctive behavioural qualities of a person. Nature-nurture has been on hard core debate since the early ages. This debate is all about whether the genes or the environment matters more on people’s development. Nature in terms of health and social care defines as the qualities we are born with that makes us what we are.
Maslow) • Social Learning (e.g. Bandura) • Operant conditioning (e.g. Skinner) • Behaviourist (e.g. Watson) The theorist whose theory is physical development is Arnold Gesell. His theory is that most physical skills cannot be taught but is programmed in our genetics, which means we will learn different physical skills when our body is ready to.
Next is the social cognitive theory, created by Albert Bandura. The cognitive social theory is the belief that people are flexible enough to learn from behaviors, people can regulate their own lives, people can control the nature and quality of their own lives, people can control their own behavior through external and internal factors, and when people are morally misunderstood they try to blame someone else or not take responsibility for the action or behavior (Feist & Feist, p. 478). The final theory is the cognitive social learning theory by Julian Rotter and Walter Mischel. Their theory is the belief that cognitive factors influence the way people respond to environmental forces (Feist & Feist, p.
It assumes that human problems come from operating on faulty, irrational beliefs. Some of these beliefs are conscious but many are not. Behavior Theory suggests that human actions are the results of what we have learned or been conditioned to do and that when these actions are reinforced consistently, by either reward or punishment, they become the basis of functioning in our lives. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy recognizes that thoughts and behaviors are connected and addresses both in its model. CBT is a problem-solving/task-centered approach which recognizes and challenges illogical and faulty beliefs in an effort to change negative or destructive behavior.
In what ways does ‘Pathways Theory’ inform your understanding of how young people become involved in, and desist from, offending behaviour? Where possible make reference to your own practice. In this assignment I aim to discuss my understanding of ‘Pathways Theory’, its validity and furthermore the way in which it informs practice in predicting recidivism. Elder et al 2001 (cited in France and Homel, p.298) refers to ‘Pathways Theory’ as theoretical and empirical work in the field of life course studies and the developmental sciences, including developmental psychology, life span sociology and psychology, life history research and studies of the life cycle. I aim to highlight how ‘Pathways Theory’ influences the Youth Justice System coupled with the Scaled approach furthermore my knowledge and understanding of offending behaviour as a Youth Offending Officer within my practice, that of my team.
According to behaviourism, behaviour can be studied in a systematic and observable manner with no consideration of internal mental processes. As human beings we are driven to understand who we are, what makes us tick and how the facets of our own personality make us individuals. The answer to this question according to behaviourists is that we are born with a handful of innate responses known as stimulus response units and that all of our complex behaviours are through learning by interaction with the environment. Behaviourism is the theory that the development of human nature is governed by our environment or nurturing. .
The creative process helps them flourish by teaching them about who they are, what they love and what they can give to the world. Creativity is often more about the process, rather than the actual product. With children, it is useful for them to focus on the purpose and importance of the creative process as opposed to the outcome. Being involved in creative activities is fun and absorbing for children. Evidence suggests that it helps children to have positive experiences and develop important characteristics and abilities such
Human Analysis/Synthesis Essay What is the reason why people decide to engage in high risk activities knowing the dangers that could come to them? It could be that they want to experience new journeys that can’t be taken while succumbed under society and technology. They escape to nature and find challenges to overcome and strengthen them. It builds them physically as well as mentally and spiritually. They travel as far as they can and reach their potential which can give them an internal reward that helps them personally.
Attachment Theory and Child Abuse Alan Challoner MA (Phil) MChS Abstract Child abuse is seen to follow a general pattern and it is the intrusion of fear into what might otherwise be good enough care-giving that is necessary for the development of a disorganised or disoriented attachment. Research has shown that in the case of the rejected infant only one signal is required to throw the child into conflict. Withdrawal tendencies occur as a result of main carer’s threat. This paper seeks to find some reasons for the perpetuation of abuse through the generations, and draws attention to the potential remedies. ______________ In recent years research has shown that the revealed characteristics of abusing parents and abused children