Multi- Store Model

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The Multi-Store Model Explain what is meant by the term model. Memory The encoding, storage and retrieval of information or experience. Model A hypothetical description or representation of a (complex) process. Explain the concepts of encoding, capacity and duration. Encoding How information is stored and processed, for example sounds, visual and meaning. Capacity How much information can be stored. Duration How long it lasts, for example a few minutes to a lifetime. Explain how the encoding, capacity and duration of memory have been measured. Short Term Memory (STM) and Long Term Memory (LTM): Aspects and Research | Encoding | Capacity | Duration | Short Term Memory (STM) | Acoustically encoded: sound area of brain is activated during processing. | Limited capacity of 7 ± 2 ‘chunks’ of information. | A limited duration measured in seconds and minutes: approximately 20 seconds. | Research | Conrad (1964) | Miller (1956) | Peterson and Peterson (1959) | Long Term Memory (LTM) | Semantically encoded: associated with meaning. | Unlimited capacity. | Unlimited duration: anything from a few minutes to a lifetime. | Research | Baddeley (1966) | No research conducted due to impracticality. | Bahrick et al (1975) | * Example of STM: Trying to remember a 7 digit phone number that you have just been given. * Example of LTM: Childhood memories Short Term Memory (STM) | Encoding | Acoustically encoded: sound area of brain is activated during processing. | Research | Conrad (1964) presented participants with a visual series of 6 letters. They were asked to recall from STM and there was a tendency to confuse letters such as ‘b’ and ‘p’, relating the majority of the errors to similar-sounding letters. Participants must have therefore been using an acoustic code, converting the visual representation of the letters into sounds. |
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