Mother to Son by Langston Hughes

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Tell us about one of Hughes’ poems. Don’t tell us about theme or how you relate to it. Tell us about the form of the poem. Name and define some of the elements of the form. Tell us about its attributes and history, what Hughes’ influences were in this poem, and so on. Can you find Whitman's influence here, where and how? You’ll have to do some research and attribute it in MLA style. You’ll have to make specific references to Hughes’ poem to clarify and exemplify what you are saying about his form. You’ll need a thesis. “Mother to Son” by Langston Hughes is a twenty line poem containing the poetic devices of metaphor and repetition. The poem is in the form of a communication between a mother and son. By employing the language in dialect-form, Hughes conveys the rawness of feelings along with the maximum effect of empathy. In the poem mother gives advice to her son. I assume that the advice is also from old generations to the younger generation. The mother uses metaphor of a crystal staircase to compare with her life. Her staircase is far from crystal and is rough without carpet and with tacks, splinters, and torn up board, which emphasizes her life of difficulties and barriers. The staircase symbolizes reaching the top, starting from the bottom and going up step by step. Crystal echoes of luxury, smoothness, and ease. She might have wished her life to be luxurious, smooth, and easy. Or she has dreamed of it. The imagery of a crystal staircase and the opposite of her staircase make a clear comparison, conveying vividness of her life. Hughes borrows metaphors of splinters and tacks to represent the mother’s many sufferings and hurts. Although a splinter or a tack does not cause life threatening injury, they obviously bring pain. Tacks sometimes symbolize driving force of life, in which life itself may become a guiding pointer. She did not want her life

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