CRUDE OIL DISTILLATION Introduction In this experiment, we conducted a distillation experiment of crude oil. We were able to see how the chemical properties of the components of crude oil influence the temperature it distills out of the crude oil. Distillation is used to remove impurities like distilled water or to separate liquids. It separates substances based on their boiling point. In this case, a sample of crude oil is heated.
Microcalorimetry experiment was performed on Setaram−C80 heat flow calorimeter coupled to a multiport high-vacuum homemade glass manifold. A specific amount of the sample (approx. 500 mg) was taken into a sample cell, reference cell was taken as empty and together they are connected with Pyrex tee. The sample was heated from room temperature to 200°C under vacuum and kept for 2 h, then 3-4 doses of helium gas were introduced into the system to remove any excess residue such as moisture or organic impurity from the system. The system was heated for 4-5 hr under vacuum at 200°C and then cooled down to the temperature (50°C) where we want to perform the adsorption study.
Melting point- Approximately half a spatula of each solid was placed in its own test tube. Using a test tube clamp, the test tubes containing the solids were gently heated one by one. Always remembering to keep the test tube moving in order to prevent overheating any one spot and pointing the mouth of the test tube away from yourself and others to avoid any unnecessary accidents. If the solid melts easily, record your results as low melting. If it does not melt, increase the time in the flame.
In cold climates, a dryer is usually required to dehydrate the gas stream. The gas dryer, sometimes, is also necessary in warmer climates as well. Some gas dryers work at low compression pressure. To remove water vapors to extremely low levels, the molecular sieve adsorbent desiccants are used for gas dryers with low pressure. After a certain period of operations desiccants are required to be repaired or completely replaced by a new one as they have absorbed a huge amount of water contents in them and functioning capacity will be decreased, if not replaced.
IDEAL GASES TASK: Examine an isothermal process when the temperature is constant. RESEARCH QUESTION: How does the pressure depend on the volume? INTRODUCTION: In this lab report, I am going to do an experiment with isothermal process, which is when the temperature doesn’t change. We used special devices, programs, materials and technology for this lab report, in order to find the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature. HYPOTHESIS: I think, that the greater the volume, the lower the pressure will be and vice versa.
Adjust the percent transmittance to 100% 4)our out the water in the cuvet, and fill with 2/3 of the reference solution. Read and record absorbance data. Read from lower concentration to higher concentration. 5)Continue to collect absorbance data for al reference and test solutions 6)Dispose of the contents of the cuvets. Data Tables #1 Reference Solutions for the Calibration Curve Sample [FeSCN2+] Absorbance Reference Solution #1 4x10-5 .2034 Reference Solution #2 6x10-5 .3028 Reference Solution #3 8x10-5 .3915 Reference Solution #4 1.0x10-4 .4908 Reference Solution #5 1.2x10-4 .5768 #2 Test Solutions Temperature - 21.9°C Sample [Fe3+] [SCN-] Absorbance Test Solution #6 1.0x10-3 2.0x10-4 .1002 Test
Fill the plastic cup about half full with distilled water at room temperature and record the mass. 8. While the test tube containing the metal is still
AIM/ OBJECTIVE In this experiment, bomb calorimetry will be used to determine the heat of combustion (heat that the fuel gives off over a certain amount of time when it’s ignited). Determine the Calorific Value of the fuel used and show how the practically determined value compares to the theoretical calculations and industry standards 2. THEORY A bomb calorimeter is a sealed container capable of holding several atmospheres of gas pressure. It measures the enthalpy of reaction by carrying out the combustion reaction under constant volume conditions. This exothermic reaction increases the temperature inside the bomb, which then transfers the energy to the external water jacket raising the external temperature.
-Connect the Gas Pressure Sensor to Channel 1 of LabQuest and the Temperature Probe to Channel 2. -Obtain a rubber-stopper assembly with a piece of heavy-wall plastic tubing connected to one of its two valves. Attach the connector at the free end of the plastic tubing to the open stem of the Gas Pressure Sensor with a clockwise turn. Leave its two-way valve on the rubber stopper open (lined up with the valve stem as shown in Figure 2) until Step 6d. -Insert the rubber-stopper assembly into a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask.
The sheet, which can be the size of a microscope slide, is placed on end in a covered jar containing a shallow layer of solvent. As the solvent rises by capillary action up through the adsorbent, differential partitioning occurs between the components of the mixture dissolved in the solvent the stationary adsorbent phase. The more strongly a given component of a mixture is adsorbed onto the stationary phase, the less time it will spend in the mobile phase and the more slowly it will migrate up the plate. The following are some common uses of Thin-Layer Chromatography: 1. To determine the number of components in a mixture.