Organized Crime Models James Ayers CJA/384 Criminal Procedure December 22, 2014 Mr. Marco Faggione Organized crime can be broken down into two basic models. One being the bureaucratic model, and the other being the patron-client model. These two models have some things in common with each other, and they also have a few differences. The big similarities is that the bureaucratic model uses a strict set of rules to run their organization by. The patron-client model does not have such a strict set of rules, but instead they have a set of values of traditions.
Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary Gene Schuldt CJA/384 10/20/2014 Thomas Borton Models of Organized Crime Executive Summary This paper is a summary about models of organized criminal. It will explain the difference between bureaucratic and patron client relations within the organized criminal activity. It will include summaries and differences between main models in organized crime and examples to understand the difference. The patron client relations is based on the social participation and mutual respect within the community and the lower-level client that is not directly affiliated with the organized criminal activity but yet associated through the mutual support within the criminal structure. Individuals within the patron-client relationship are at a lower-level, by committing the same acts within the community but are not directly related to the organized criminal organization by involvement within the company.
Models of Organized Crime There are many types of models in the criminal justice field. The two organizations discusses in this paper is bureaucratic and patron-client organizations. This paper will discuss the reasons as to why and how bureaucratic and patron-client organizations are different. Some of the differences are the patron-client organizations are referred to as the one chosen to break the law and the bureaucratic organizations is the organizations that enforce it. Even though there are differences between the two organizations, they have some things in common.
Social Organized Crime Perspective University of Phoenix CJA/384 October 03, 2011 Social Organized Crime Perspective Family, school, and churches have become to be known as social institutions, but little known is that organized crime is also a social institution. In the discussion ahead will be about defining the term social institution and how it applies to organized crime. Then continue the discussion with what empirical and speculative theories are most applicable to organized crime and criminal behavior. Social institutions are a complex set of norms, roles, positions, and values that are in certain types of social structures. These social structures organize stable patterns of human activity that deal with fundamental problems, and produce life-sustaining resources, productive individuals, and a vibrant societal structures in any given environment.
* What significant challenges do you think exist with regard to crime reporting? Explain. * How do you think these challenges can be overcome? Explain. Nathan Malbrue Charles Hauber Victimology CJUS280-1403A-01 7/18/2014 PH 2 DB Measuring Crime Victimization This paper will cover sources of reporting crime/arrest data and which I feel is best.
Abstract This paper will explore and discuss the difference in opinion regarding crime and who should be held accountable for criminal activity. The views of social responsibility and social problems will be examined, along with the perspectives that each holds to justify their belief. Theories such as Determinate Sentencing that holds the value of social responsibility in response to crime, and also the Constructionist theory that places that blame on society as to why a person commits a crime. In the end I believe that Social/Individual responsibility is the most appropriate way to approach crime. Perspectives of Social Problems and Social Responsibility Within criminology there has been multiple theories suggested to explain the numerous motives behind why crime exists in our world.
This information also shows where and when individuals are most likely to become victimized. Victim surveys also provide more detailed information on crime events than did national data systems based on police records. These surveys would ask respondents to provide information on themselves, the offenders, the nature of the crime, and the context in which it occurred. While this type of information may have been available in local police files, it was not assembled nationally by agencies like the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in a form that allowed easy access. Moreover, the detail available in police files varied substantially, depending on the willingness of police officers to ask victims systematically for the specifics of crime events.
I think that a lot of criminals engage in criminal behavior because they are dealing with some pretty intense stuff and they use crime as a way to handle the situation they are in. The independent variable involving this theory would be what is causing the strain on the individual, and the dependent variable would be what the individual does to deal with the specific strain. I read a research article called, The Relationship between injustice and crime: A general strain theory approach. This article focused on how people handled different situations depending on specific stresses happening in their life. The article surveyed 160 males and
“The machinery of criminal justice—police, prosecution, courts, and corrections—is the formal means by which order is maintained in our society” (Zalman, 2008, p. 4). These workers of the justice system use some components of each model some of the time depending on individual preferences regarding the criminal process (Packer, 1968). Although there is division within these models, there is some agreement on some aspects. For instance, both models believe the consent of criminal behavior and identifying a criminal are different processes, when probable cause has been established criminal processing is enforced and the government has limited powers of investigation and apprehension. There is also agreement on an adversary system, procedural due process, and one’s day in court (Zalman, 2008).
Criminological Theories of Deviance Kristie Barela American Intercontinental University Criminological Theories of Deviance What are criminological theories? It is understood that criminology is the study of crime, but criminological theories provide us with an explanation of criminal behavior. These theories help one to understand why people commit crime. Social control theory, strain theory, differential association theory, and neutralization theory are just a few examples of sociological theories of crime that will be examined within this paper. Along with a brief description of the criminological theories, an attempt to show how they differ from one another and discussion of one strength and one weakness unique to each theory will be made.