Microwaves in Cellular Communication

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MICROWAVES IN CELLULAR COMMUNICATION Microwaves are efficiently used in the cellular communication. The microwaves are wonderful boon for the wireless communication. The microwaves are introduced in cellular mobile communication at the BTS (Base Transceiver Station) level. The various BTS under a BSC( Base Station Controller) are linked to each other with the microwave links irrespective of the technology we are using. First of all lets get some knowledge about microwaves themselves: MICROWAVES Microwaves are so called since they are defined in terms of their wavelength in the sense that micro refers to tininess and tininess refers to wavelength and period of a cycle of the centimeter wave. In other words the wavelength of the cm waves at microwave frequencies is very small typically from a few tens of cm to a fraction of a mm. In short the microwave is a signal that has wavelength if 1 foot or less than or approximately equal to 1 foot. This converts to a frequency of 984 Mhz = 1 Ghz (approx.). All the frequencies above 1000Mhz (1 Ghz) about 1000 Ghz are microwave frequencies. HISTORY James Clerk Maxwell (1831-1879) unified all previus known results experimental and the theoretical on electromagnetic wavesin four equations and predicted the existence of the electromagnetic waves. Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (1857-1937) experimentally confirmed Maxwell’s predictions Guglielmo Marconi (1874-1937) transmitted information in an experimental basis at microwave frequencies. Goerge C . Southworth (1980) really carried out Marconi’s experiments on a commercial basis. During world war II (1945) based on the previous developments radar was invented nd exploited for the military purposes Then people showed keen interest in investigating how devices could operate in the microwave bands with large powers. A.W Hull developed the very popular magnetron device who used a magnetic

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