Bundling, or product bundling, is where several products are combined for sale as one package. In 1995, Microsoft signed a consent agreement decreed by the Department of Justice due to antitrust allegations and investigations. Antitrust is a law that promotes market competition by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies. In 1998, Microsoft was brought up on charges again because of their antitrust behavior and violating the signed consent agreement made in 1995. A judged found, "Microsoft has demonstrated that it will use its prodigious market power and immense profits to harm any firm that insists on pursuing initiatives that could intensify
Wills’ claims that the federal government's chief law enforcement official might need a refresher course on federal law pertaining to legal immigrants. Some American legislators have taken up the position that prohibiting bilingual ballots would be racist. However, evidence shows that millions of other American citizens feel that prohibiting the bilingual ballot is a step in the right direction. Wills’ begins his article with a political anecdote quoted by Attorney General Alberto Gonzales. When he was asked whether he would favor the prohibition of the bilingual ballot, he simply stated, “Of course not.” Wills’ continues in the next section stating that our national identity and our federal laws are being weakened by immigration that is influenced by these bilingual ballots.
Pearson then claimed that the found pants were not his because they had cuffs, and sued the Chungs for $67 million. Issues, Laws and Verdict Roy Pearson sued the Chungs claiming that the Chungs violated D.C. consumer protection laws (Consumer Protection Procedures Act or CPPA). Specifically, that the Chungs committed fraud because they did not live up to the promise of a “Satisfaction Guaranteed” sign hanging in the store (Bartnoff, 2007, p. 1). In her “Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law” on the case, Judge Bartnoff (2007) wrote that Pearson expected, “an unconditional warranty that required the defendants to honor any claim by any customer, without limitation, based on the customer’s determination of whatever would make that customer ”satisfied.”” (p. 1) Included in the suit were claims that he had been subject to “mental suffering, inconvenience and discomfort” at the hands of the Chungs (O’Rourke, 2007 p.10). So Pearson sued for common law fraud and violations of the CPPA, but did he present enough evidence to support his claims in court?
Manual Microsoft, commenting on the European Commission presented a claim, stated that in his work the corporation is trying to adhere to European Union legislation. In 2004 the antimonopoly commission of EU has accused Microsoft of intended restriction of access of consumers to the audio-visual software of other companies. On Microsoft the penalty at a rate of 497 million euro, except that has been imposed, corporation have obliged to let out on the market Windows operating system in which player Windows Media Player won't be included, and also to open operating system codes to other software developers. The corporation has executed the majority of conditions however the penalty has refused to pay. In result, in February, 2008 Microsoft has been fined on for 899 million euro - for refusal to execute the commission order.
John D. Rockefeller used his political and legal power, brought on by his great wealth, to increase his monopoly, buying out small companies to decrease competition, and forcing railroads to favor his corporation. As a consequence of these actions, the government sought to rein in his power by enacting the Sherman Antitrust Act, forever changing the laws by which corporations comply. Standard Oil not only encouraged more railroads being built near production factories, but the entire oil industry has had significant impact on our environment. According to the text “Standard Oil Trust and its successor companies have contributed between 4.7 and 5.2 percent of worldwide carbon dioxide emissions.” By the widespread use of high-quality kerosene brought on by Rockefeller, population’s entire lifestyles forever changed, too. People were free to enjoy activities after sundown, work into the night, and be increasingly productive.
Even before Shepard Fairey’s Barack Obama “Hope” poster became the focus of legal and ethical scrutiny — for Fairey’s use of Mannie Garcia’s A.P. news photo as the basis of the now ubiquitous image — some design critics and practitioners had already questioned the street artist’s habit of “sampling” existing imagery. A scolding essay by Mark Vallen, entitled “Obey Plagiarist Fairey,” which was published online in 2007, accused Fairey, who created the “OBEY GIANT” project in 1989, of “expropriating and recontextualizing artworks of others.” The booty in this alleged thievery is primarily propaganda imagery from the 1920s (Russian Constructivism and Bolshevist posters) to the 1960s (Chinese Socialist Realism and counter-culture rock posters). However, Vallen’s harsh indictment seems not to have hurt Fairey’s reputation. If anything, the criticism enhances his subversive agenda, as it fosters debate about the line between influence and theft in art and design.
Many historians feel that corporations attained their wealth during the Civil War as a result of increased government investment in military. Corporations began to establish factory systems and company towns. This led to government legislators giving corporations limited liability and decreasing legislative authority over them. Over time, corporation’s skyrocketed during the Industrial Revolution where the main concept was “Productivity.” Mark Archbar, the producer of this film, says that a corporation can be looked as a “Jigsaw Puzzle,” with the common purpose being end success (Archbar, 2003). This analogy presented a good description of the Industrial Revolution, during this time corporations main goal was productivity and efficiency, which would result in increased
RUNNING HEAD: THE PATRIOT ACT V CIVIL LIBERTIES The Patriot Act V. Civil Liberties Demetra Ohlen Saint Leo University Legal Issues in Criminal Justice Administration II CRM 551 Professor Jordan November 14, 2008 Abstract Since its inception, The Patriot Act has engendered a tremendous of controversy. Adversaries of the Act have maintained that it was approved opportunistically after the September 11 terrorist assault, believing there to have been little debate. They view the Act as one that was hurried through the Senate with little change before it was passed. The Act increases the ability of law enforcement agencies to search telephone, e-mail communications, medical, financial and other records The Act increases the ability of law enforcement agencies to search telephone, e-mail communications, medical, financial and other records; eases restrictions on foreign intelligence gathering within the United States; expands the Secretary of the Treasury’s authority to regulate financial transactions, particularly those involving foreign individuals and entities; and enhances the discretion of law enforcement and immigration authorities in detaining and deporting immigrants suspected of terrorism-related acts. The act also expands the definition of terrorism to include domestic terrorism, thus enlarging the number of activities to which the USA Patriot Act’s expanded law enforcement powers can be applied.
Since the Industrial Revolution, pure monopoly has existed and has even accelerated to the point that it was considered by some to be antithetical to our country’s basic market system. Because of this preconceived notion, the United States government put into place laws and regulations that businesses must follow in order to be deemed legal (Monopoly, 2011). So then, one might ask, how in today’s market system do pure monopolies exist? This paper will discuss the main characteristics of a pure monopoly, including the barriers that exit so other firms cannot enter into the market with the same product, and their control over pricing of its product. There have become less and less industries that would be considered a pure monopoly, but some industries of pure monopoly still exit because of the characteristics of their business (Brue, McConnell, & Flynn, 2010).
This included women’s suffrage, the direct election of senators, the availability of the referendum, and the right to recall representatives whose behavior in office did not satisfy their constituents. There were also progressives who hoped to increase efficiency in governments there by eliminating the power of elected officials by choosing to use “experts” in their place, thereby putting the progressives at odds with one another. . (www.u-s-history.com/pages/h106.html) Retrieved 11/2008 Throughout the Progressive Movement there were several accomplishments. For example, Teddy Roosevelt ended the 1902 coal mine strike, used the Sherman Antitrust Act to attack a railroad monopoly (known as the Northern Securities Case), and added Departments of Labor and Commerce to the cabinet.