comparative AP World History Around 2,500 B.C many civilizations began to develop. Egypt and Mesopotamia were two of the civilizations that developed. They however had different governments and structures. These two civilizations were similar in the fact that they developed along rivers and built irrigational systems. However Egypt had more differences than similarities between Mesopotamia.
The lugal and the ma’at were the dominant political roles in the Mesopotamian and Egyptian cultures. Both had substantial power and authority in their regions. The leaders in Egyptian and Mesopotamian culture, both appointed smaller rulers, monarchs and governors to rule over an individual region or city state. These governors oversaw certain important aspects in the region or city state, such as irrigation and taxes, then relayed the information. They also had the same social ladder and caste system in which royalty and land owners were closer to the top, and slaves and peasants made up the bottom portion.
Egyptian and Shang civilizations had many similarities. Most notable was their politics. Both had powerful kings, though the Egyptian kings were known as Pharaohs. The leaders of both civilizations were political as well as religious leaders. Pharaohs were viewed as gods of Earth and had a great deal of religious influence over the Egyptian people.
Therefore, each city state had its own deities, kings, laws and culture. Conflicts and friction started for the dominance of the region because of the overlapping of these growing cities. Sumerian society showed a distinct social system with a ruling class formed by nobles and priests, a middle class of merchants, scribes and artisans, and finally a lower class made up mainly of farmers (1). Sumerians were creative and likely may be the first on developing a writing system to record diverse events such as taxes, agricultural records, codified set of laws and epic novels. They also established a numerical system that they used to build from calendars to pyramids.
THUTMOSE III (D. 1426 B.C.) Egyptian king of the 18th dynasty (reigned 1479-26 BC), often regarded as the greatest of the rulers of ancient Egypt. Thutmose III was a skilled warrior who brought the Egyptian empire to the zenith of its power by conquering all of Syria, crossing the Euphrates to defeat the Mitannians, and penetrating south along the Nile to Napata in the Sudan. He also built a great number of temples and monuments to commemorate his deeds. Thutmose's minority Thutmose III was the son of Thutmose II; his mother was one of the king's minor wives or concubines, named Isis.
The Aztec and Mayan Civilizations in the Americas Ashley M. Carpenter Western Civilization II National University June 2, 2012 Abstract From 250 A.D. to the late 1500’s A.D. the Mayans and the Aztecs controlled Central and South America. Each was unique, but still shared a few of the same traits. Both had their own calendar system, counting system, and Polytheistic religious beliefs along with similar temples built to worship their deities. While the Aztecs were the most prominent users of human sacrifice, the Mayans also participated in such rituals. A few differences between these civilizations were the social structure, natural resources, and differing cultural strengths.
The world houses many different types of societies that exhibit a plethora of traits. Among the ancient societies, there are a couple that flourish significantly more than others. Some powerful civilizations in Mesoamerica include the Incas, Mayas and Aztecs. Between these civilizations, the Mayan empire stood tallest. They were a dominating society of Mesoamerica, rich in culture and community.
In scripts Osiris is commonly found within tombs and monuments. Orisis had three siblings Set, Nephthys and Isis. As the ruler of the dead he was sometimes called the king of the living as the ancient Egyptians called the blessed dead the living ones. Osiris was not only considered the judge of the dead but the agency of the afterlife. Osiris was worshiped as a God between 2494 and 2345 Bc
The Unique Culture of Egypt While the Sumerian civilization was developing, a similar process took place along the banks of the Nile River. Yet, the two civilization’s culture was very different. Egypt was united into a single kingdom, which allowed it to enjoy a high degree of unity, stability, and culture continuality over a period of 3,000 years. The geography, writing, architectural structures, society, and their process of mummification made the Egyptian culture unique compared to the other civilizations of the time. The Ancient Egyptians thought of Egypt as being divided into two types of land, the “black land” and the “red land.
It included many historically important city states, including Assyria to the north, Elam to the south-east and Babylonia towards the centre. Today, most of Mesopotamia lies in Iraq but parts can also be located in Kuwait, Syria, Turkey and Iran, with Babylonia’s capital city Babylon (whose name translates to Gate of the Gods) lying 94 kilometres southwest of Baghdad. Babylonia, and particularly Babylon, soon rose quickly in power and status thanks to the early reign of a ruler known as Hammurabi. The sixth king of the first dynasty of Babylon forged coalitions between the separate city-states of Mesopotamia, and promoted science and scholarship. Hammurabi made Babylonia into an empire and the society was thriving - he also created the earliest written set of laws called The Code of Hammurabi.