E2-1 (a) Accounting rule-making that relies on a body of concepts will result in useful and consistent pronouncements. TRUE (b) General-purpose financial reports are most useful to company insiders in making strategic business decisions. FALSE. General-purpose financial reporting helps users who lack the ability to demand all the financial information they need from an entity and therefore must rely, at least partly, on the information provided in financial reports. However, an implicit assumption is that users need reasonable knowledge of business and financial accounting matters to understand the information contained in financial statements.
The outflows of a business will be discussedfurther and how to control the risks that areinvolvedwith different areas. The controls that will be addressed will involve the areas of purchasing, accounts payable, cash disbursements, finance, investments, and payroll. Each area will consider the different transactions that take place and how internal controls can assist in reducing fraud and poor decision making. Purchasing The purchasing department in a company allows a certain amount of power to the employees whowork in that department. Controls need to be in place to prevent fraud and error from occurring.
It is a review of management and how operating procedures work. How effective and efficient the procedures are for the company. Although operational audits reveal possible problems in the financials statements, a compliance audit and fraud audit will help Whitfields internal
The operational audit studies the specific parts of an organization with the purpose of measuring its performance. Performances are measured in terms of effectiveness and efficiency such as auditing shipping and receiving or the sales departments. The benefit of these types of audits can positively affect the profitability of the organization. The financial audits, which we are doing, consist of auditing financial statements. The purpose of the financial statement audit is to ensure the entity being audited is preparing the financial statements in conformance with General Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP).
Meeting the requirements of generally accepted accounting principles. Recording the financial history of the organization. The basic difference between managerial and financial accounting is that: Financial accounting is concerned with providing financial information to stockholders, whereas managerial accounting is concerned with providing information to managers for their use in planning, controlling and decision making. Managerial
The users are experts in accounting who identify, record, and communicate economic events of their business to its appropriate users. These users are divided in to two groups, internal users and external users. Managers who plan, organize, and run their business are an example of internal users of accounting information. Examples of these managers include marketing managers, finance directors, company officers, and production supervisors. Investors and creditors are examples of external users of accounting information.
Why consider an organization’s approach to IM/IT resources and services as an exercise in portfolio management? •forces you to relate specific IT investments with the associated business need(s) and value propositions •provides a framework and standardized lens for the assessment of all IM/IT investments as well as measures for valuing those investments •focuses on a methodology for the valuation of IM/IT projects that connects well with the understandings of enterprise business leaders and IT governance •allows for year to year measurement of changes in IM/IT investments versus the impact (attributed results generated) by those investments •allows for qualitative if not quantitative comparisons between various IM/IT investments pursued by business units within the same enterprise and conceivable between competing businesses within the same industry How does an IM/IT portfolio management methodology help to serve the needs of the greater organization and facilitate a better appreciation by the business of its IM/IT products and services? •the organization has the following information resource management needs: • o to transact o to manage, control, make tactical decisions o to innovate, transform, increase its strategic competitiveness o control costs and improve overall performance •the portfolio model tracks and measures IM/IT project and service value and performance in the very manner that the business thinks of and measures value in these and any other corporate investments; aligning the description of and thinking about IM and IT investments in this manner allows for a common basis for understanding •IT transactional value is all about cutting operational costs and/or improving the efficiency of existing operations. •IT informational value is all about enabling management, control, and decision making. •IT strategic value is all
These indicators go beyond financial statement figures, such as sales and net income, to include measures tailored to the client and its objectives. Such key performance indicators may include market share, sales per employee, unit sales growth, unique visitors to a Web site, same-store sales, sales by country, and sales per square foot for a retailer. ASSESS CLIENT BUSINESS RISK The risk that the client will fail to achieve its objectives related to (1) reliability of financial reporting, (2) effectiveness and efficiency of operations, and (3) compliance with laws and regulations PERFORM PRELIMINARY ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES a. Auditors perform preliminary analytical procedures to better understand the client’s business and to assess client business risk. One such procedure compares client ratios to industry or competitor benchmarks to provide an indication of the company’s performance.
Auditing and Other Assurance Services Auditing is a systematic process of objectively obtaining and evaluating evidence regarding assertions about economic actions and events to ascertain the degree of correspondence between those assertions and established criteria and communicating the results to interested users. Our firm provides three types of audit: 1) Operational – stands for efficiency and effectiveness in payroll department; 2) Compliance –
COURSE WORK 1- FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT/FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING 1. UNDERSTANDING OF THE DIFFERNCE BETWEEN FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AND MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Financial accounting is focused on generally accepted accounting principles- producing a limited set of financial statements. This includes the balance sheet and the income statements, by which the overall past performance of business can be judged by outsiders. Management accounting deals with information that is not made public and is used for internal decisions making only. These reports are far more detailed than financial accounting reports and can cover performances and activities by departments, teams, products, customers and employees.