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QUESTION 1: Critically examine how information systems can be utilized to gain competitive advantage over rival companies. ANSWER Information systems applications in business have a major role which is to provide effective support of a company’s strategies for gaining competitive advantage. This strategic role of information systems involves using information technologies to develop products, services and capabilities that give a company major advantages over the competitive forces it faces in the global marketplace. These competitive forces includes; rivalry of competitors, threat of new entrants, threat of substitutes, bargaining power of customers, and bargaining power of suppliers This creates strategic information system, an information system that support or shape the competitive position and strategies of a business enterprise. Strategic information system can be any kind of information system (TPS, MIS, DSS etc) that uses information technology to help a company gain competitive advantage. A company can gain competitive advantage over its rivals through developing the following competitive strategies; * Differentiation strategy This strategy involves developing ways to differentiate a company’s products and services from its competitors or reduce the differentiation advantages of competitors. This strategy may allow a company to focus its products or services to give it an advantage in particular segments or niches of a market. For example Dell has differentiated itself in the personal computer market through its mass-customization strategy. * Innovation strategy This strategy involves finding new ways of doing business. This may involve either, the development of unique products and services, or distributing products and services that are so different from the way a business has been conducted that they alter the fundamental structure of an
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