Learning Theories and Crime

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Learning Theories and Crime Research relating to the social learning theory explains that people learn more effectively through his or her interaction with other individuals on a specific topic (Pfohl, 1994). Learning involves knowledge that is developed through experiences involving individual environments. Social Learning theory incorporates the principles of operant conditioning and observational learning. The interactions that influence learning may result from experiences with peers, friends, family and figures of authority (Pfohl.1994). Social learning theories relate to the explanation of risk factors involving the social processes and individuals prone to criminal activity. The individual’s personal morals, behavior, and environment combined influence learning. Modeling, beliefs, and differential reinforcement are three dominant areas of social learning that provide a foundation for an individual to learn to engage in criminal activity. Modeling the behavior of peers, family, and friends can influence decisions that may lead to criminal activity. Differential reinforcement regarding crime offers the opportunity for an individual to instruct another individual in the commission of crime by reinforcing particular behaviors often but not enforcing punishment. Reinforcement may involve financial gain, social acceptance, and approval. Beliefs can be taught to individuals involving the commission of a crime starting out with small offenses, such as underage drinking, gambling, or violations of curfew. The next step relating to beliefs would be giving approval and justifying the commission of crimes and the belief that it is glamorous with the thrill of excitement. The social learning theory suggests humans learn from each other through observation, imitation and modeling. Individuals can also learn alone. White collar crime and domestic abuse are two examples of

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