Jack Welch Leading Organizational Change At Ge

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CASE 4: Jack Welch Leading organizational Change at GE When Jack Welch, the chairman and CEO at GE (General Electric) retired in 2001, he could look back at a very successful career. He became CEO in 1981 at the age of 45. At that time, GE had a very complex organization structure with considerable bureaucratic rules. One of his first changes was to initiate a strategy formulation process guideline that each of the businesses should be No.1 or No.2 in their respective areas. If this was not the case, managers had the options of fixing the problem, selling their particular business, or closing it. In an effort to streamline the organization, Welch deleted the sector level and eliminated thousands of salaried and hourly employee positions. Because of these drastic measures, Welch earned the nickname “Neutron Jack.” The re- organization increased the span of management (also called span of control) for many managers so that they would have 10 or even 15 subordinates. The restructuring was followed by changing the organizational culture and the managerial styles of GE’s managers. One such program was the “Work-Out program.” Groups of managers were assembled to share their views in three-day sessions. At the beginning of the meetings, the superior presented the challenges for his or her organizational unit. Then the boss had to leave, requesting the groups to find solutions to the problems. Facilitators helped these discussions. On the last day, the superior was presented with problem solutions. The manager then had three choices: to accept the proposal, not to accept it, or collect more information. This process put great pressure on the superior to make decisions. Another program to improve the effectiveness and efficiency was the “Best Practices program.” The aim was to learn from other companies how they obtained customer satisfaction, how they related to

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