Public Administration Research Paper

Public administration refers to two meanings: first, it is concerned with the implementation of government policy; second, it is an academic discipline that studies this implementation and prepares civil servants for working in the public service. Thus, Public Administration is the management of affairs of the government at all levels – national, state and local. It is a branch of the wider field of administration. Administration is defined as an activity that occurs whenever there are groups of people. It is the organizing and directing of human and material resources to achieve desired ends. Therefore, the two essentials of administration are: (i) cooperative effort, and (ii) pursuit for common objectives. Public Administration is any kind…show more content…
He later become the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921. In 1926, W.F. Willoughby, in his writing, asserted that in Public Administration there are certain fundamental principles of general application analogous to those characterizing any science. In 1937, a collection of papers on the subject made its appearance under the significant title of papers on the Science of Administration edited by Luther Gulick and L Urwick. It was reprinted in 1998 in the International Journal of Public Administration of Papers on the Science of Administration and enabled scholars to have access to a long out-of-print collection of papers by other pioneers of Public…show more content…
Of a "public" organization? How is the public organization related to its environment? What does it mean to manage or to administer the public organization? These questions appear to address basic organizational theory. Must we go so deeply? Has public administration as a discipline not answered these questions to almost everyone's satisfaction years ago? Indeed, the study and analysis of the organization have been major areas of emphasis within public administration, and many academicians and practitioners appear to believe that the major questions surrounding the organization have been solved. It would seem, for example, that the workings of Weber's bureaucracy are for the most part understood. The subsidiary questions concerning the human relationships within the framework of the organization have been studied at great length by behaviorists. The field has also struck off into such directions as: leadership analysis, comparative management principles, organizational cultures, and social interactions within the organization. Organizations have been studied as machines, as systems, and as institutions. All that seems remaining to be nailed down are the applications of various known principles toward the promotion of greater organizational efficiency and effectiveness. Potential alternatives to the vertically oriented organizational