In this short essay I will define institutional racism, its history in American and who it mostly affects. Institutional racism also known as institutional oppression refers to racism perpetrated by government entities, major cooperation’s, schools, the courts or the military (Moore 2008). Unlike the racism perpetrated by individuals, institutional racism has the power to negatively affect the bulk of people belonging to a minority group. This form of racism still persists in America because dominant groups are unwilling to share or give up the benefits inherited from past generations. Through numerous examples, Institutional Racism demonstrates how inequality and racial exclusion are embedded within the fabric of American society.
The Marxist theory of racism and racial inequality Much of the social analysis on the injustices and inequalities in U.S. and Caribbean societies has been influenced by the ideas of Karl Marx and the Marxist tradition. Racism directed against people of color has been a central and continuing feature of the global society. Its forms have changed but we need to look no further than infant mortality rates and life expectancies, unemployment, poverty rates and incomes, and stereotypes in the mass media to understand that racism and racial inequality remain here in the Caribbean and are still present around the globe. Interestingly, the article chosen entitled “Bishop scoffs at racism” rejects the popularly known Marxist quote “religion is the opium of the people” as the Bishop vigorously points out with evidence that the effects of discrimination based on race and color may be keeping black entrepreneurs in Barbados from progressing. Conflict theorist believes that “society is an arena in which struggles over scarce commodities take place.” The affluent and wealthy (the bourgeoisie) will always try to preserve and improve their position while the poor and destitute (the proletariat) will be attempting to survive and this attempting to survive is often done by any means possible.
‘The Outsiders’ Essay In the Novel The Outsiders by S.E Hinton, there is a social class warfare mostly through the novel. It explores the ideas that people are often judged by their looks and personalities rather than their personalities and actions, this statement is true to a certain extent, but towards the end, the actions of the greasers changes the public’s perception. The greasers are judged on their presentation and appearance, which is based on prejudice. There is social class warfare between the underprivileged greasers from the east side and the rich Socs from the west side. During the novel there is a turning point where most things change.
According to Davis, slaves and peasants were perceived and subjected to common stereotypes regarding the color of their skin, the customs many of the enslaved peoples had before they were conquered, and how the elite upper classes and literate people looked down on them as a dehumanized object. To support this theory, he looked into the role that color symbolism and how physical appearance had a large impact on this misconception. (Davis 50, 57) Another sample he looked and discussed was Islamic and Christian geographic expansions and conflicts that led to the creation of the term Racism that is linked to historic events involving slavery. (Davis 54, 60) Winthrop argues that Slavery and Racism was created at the same time. He supports this argument by looking closely at the meaning of the symbolism behind the color black.
According to Du Bois the prejudices of white people elicit “self-questioning, self-criticism, and lowering of ideals” among black people. The internalization of anti-black sentiment from the outside world thus begins to shape the black American experience. Through the concept double consciousness DuBois becomes better able to explore the social problems he studied in his earlier work “The Philadelphia Negro”. Double consciousness also creates an element of conflict within the black American, as they struggle (often unsuccessfully) to reconcile their identity as a black person and as an American citizen. Dubois cites the example of the black artisan in “The Souls of Black Folk”.
Such myths, Beauvoir explains, are derived trough literature and Social beliefs. The construct of the “essence of women” have been grossly misconstrued by a male dominated world. In her essay, she strongly argues about the two-sided opposition of the “self” and “other” through an existentialist perspective, which is through the experience of the human condition. She boldly announces that the male has appointed himself as “self” and the female as “other” in order to gain dominion and authority to call the female inferior, passive, or weak. I will take an in depth look at the contradictions and myths that men have created of women as outlined by Beauvoir.
Generally, these theories focus on gender inequalities and how they relate to violence. More specifically, theories of gender inequality focus on gender roles, gender norms, and inequities in social power to explain the differences in the use of violence by men and women, and to explain the different ways in which men and women are victimized. Because sexual violence is one of the worst forms of violence made by men against women. In contrast to views stating that rape is a sexually motivated act, the feminist view is ofrape as an act of male domination of women (Brownmiller 1975). Ellis and Beattie (1983) provide a good summary of the assumptions that underlie this view where males have higher status in all realms of social life, women are largely excluded from decision-making processes.
Disparity and Discrimination By: Candice Bowers CJS/221 - CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE WEEK 1 Disparity and Discrimination I will try to explain between disparity and discrimination in the justice system. Disparity and discrimination are different but similar in the criminal justice systems. They are different action but have the same end result. Disparity basically mean inequality in form or a difference. Then discrimination is when the action that treats someone inferior because of their race, sex, national origin or age.
Prejudices and stereotyping are the ideas and thoughts people have about other groups of personss without regard to individual differences. I believe these lead to the actions of disrimination. The physical act of prejudice is discrimination. • What are the causes of discrimination? Discrimination can be caused by many factors.
How does Masters present the theme of class in chapters 1-7? Refer closely to the text to support your ideas. Masters includes Stuarts colloquial language, temesis, expletives, dialect and idolect. He also includes his orthography to subject Stuart to the stereotype of an uneducated homeless man, and to then therefore even further the class divide, by highlighting this. Masters also includes middle class characters, such as police, care workers and social workers, to demonstrate the corrupt system and how these people are abusing their position in power, which is breaking the class boundaries.