Jean Piaget best described the stages from birth to two years in what he called the sensorimotor stage. It is a stage based on infants and toddlers cognitive development. An infant uses his or her senses and motor abilities to understand the world, beginning with reflexes and ending with complex combinations of sensorimotor skills (Boeree, G.C. (2009). During the first four months of life, according to Piaget, infants interact with the world through primary circular reactions.
Unit 201 Child and young person development From birth until 19 years of age children and young people will tend to exhibit certain similarities which have complied into a development plan. Although children and young people are different and have different experiences, they grow and develop in a similar way. Babies are usually born at 40 weeks, which is a full term pregnancy. At this early stage they show signs of recognition towards their mother, they know her voice and smell. They even know that if they cry it is a sign of distress which lets people know they need help.
At birth, babies already know they are similar to other people. By nine months, babies can differentiate between expressions of happiness, sadness, and anger. By the age of one year, babies develop an understanding of appropriate responses to their environment by observing the people around them. At a year and a half, babies learn that people have different desires and attitudes. By two years old, children begin testing and exploring this idea.
Moreover, they regulate their style of talking to fit the infant’s stage of development. This type of baby talk is termed parentese. Parentese is higher in pitch, simpler in vocabulary, and shorter in sentence length. The role of parents and other adults in language development is critical. Most people believe that language development begins when a child starts to talk which is around one year of age but the influence of a parent and adult on language development happens a lot earlier but is not true because it happened it the womb because the mother talk to the baby while they growing inside the mother Parents and other caregivers must start by using appropriate language and responding to children’s use of language in the proper way if language development is to progress in a healthy manner.
CYP Core 3.1 Understand child and young person development 1. Understand the expected pattern of development for children and young people from birth to 19 years. 1.1 Explain the sequence rate of each aspect of development from birth to 19 years. Social , emotional, behaviour and moral development Birth to 3 years Early from birth a baby can respond to touch and sound, will recognise a parent or carers voice and will stare at bright shiny objects. Even from a few months old they will smile and engage with their carer and by four months can vocalise by ‘babbling’ and ‘cooing’.
TDA 2.1 Child and young person development Task 1 Physical Development Birth to one year Newborn babies can turn their heads to look for food, and once found they are able to suck and swallow. If you hold a baby upright with their feet on your lap or a surface of some kind they will make stepping movements. They will also stretch out their arms when they want to be picked up. As they grow, a baby’s determination to master movement, balance, and the fine-motor skills is very high. 1-3 Years By their first birthday, most babies have learnt the basics of movement and being mobile by either sitting, rolling, shuffling or crawling around.
Social development What is social development? This is when people communicate and use many social skills in order for them to socially interact with people. Every stage of people's life they socially develop, in a positive and negative way. 0-3 months: At this stage they slowly develop their social development, so when a child is one month old they cannot do a lot socially, however for people to know they are socially interacting, a baby will follow someone moving with their eyes. When they are about 2 months old then they can smile especially if they see a familiar face for example their mother.
Development is often referred to on a timeline and is broken down in ages. As development is more rapid in early years the milestones start by being quite close together before becoming further apart as baby becomes a child and then a young adult. The aspects of development that children are measured on are physical, language, social and emotional, and intellect. Physical development is usually very rapid early on in the child’s development. Within weeks of being born a baby will start to smile and respond to sounds and environments around them.
E1 – Describe the development of children from the age of 0-3 years in social and emotional, and language development 0-1 years During the first year of a child’s life, emotional development is important. The baby will start to learn who their carer is and develop an emotional bond with them. When a baby has a strong emotional bond with their primary carer at the end of their first year, they’ll be comfortable when socialising with other people. When a child is aged 6-12 months, they start to understand simple instructions that have a gesture “understand simple instructions associated with a gesture, such as ‘come to daddy’, ‘clap hands’ and ‘wave bye bye’.” (Meggitt 2000:48) This is part of their language development. “In some ways developing this bond may be instinctive as, at birth, babies are able to recognise the smell of their mother and are quickly soothed when they hear her voice.” (Tassoni 2007:54) 1-2 years Children begin to learn more social skills during this age, which begins with the child being able to play with their carer and show that they’re comfortable with recognisable adults.
Stimulation aids development. At the age of one and a half a child learns that asking questions gets information so they are always asking questions to get information. Babies from 0 – 6 months puts different things in their mouth so they learn what they are. Also at 6- 12 months they repeat a lot of things they see. At two years you can have a nice conversation with the baby.