Inequality of Educational Opportunities for Poor People and Children with Special Needs and Malaysian Government Strategies to Help Balance the Inequality.

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Task 3: Inequality of educational opportunities for poor people and children with special needs and Malaysian Government strategies to help balance the inequality. Special education or special needs education is the practice of educating students with special needs in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs. Ideally, this process involves the individually planned and systematically monitored arrangement of teaching procedures, adapted equipment and materials, and accessible settings. These interventions are designed to help learners with special needs achieve a higher level of personal self-sufficiency and success in school and their community, than may be available if the student were only given access to a typical classroom education. Common special needs include learning disabilities, communication disabilities, emotional and behavioural disorders, physical disabilities, and developmental disabilities. Students with these kinds of special needs are likely to benefit from additional educational services such as different approaches to teaching, the use of technology, a specifically adapted teaching area, or a resource room. The inequality of educational opportunities for special-needs students may be defined from two perspectives: access and quality. First, many special-needs students are outside of the education system entirely. Secondly, those special-needs students who do attend some form of schooling are receiving an inferior education. A UNICEF study from 2001 estimates that around 85 per cent of children with special needs are outside of the education system entirely, never having attended school, while 98 per cent of the overall population of primary-school-age children are attending primary school (UNICEF 2005). The causes identified for the inequality in educational opportunity for special-needs students encompass both aspects of

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