In her essay “Kiddy Thinks,” Alison Gopnik discusses the importance of the cognitive development of children in the first few years of their life. She also attempts to break the traditional view that children, in their early stages, think quite differently than adults. Gopnik uses a logical standard of evaluation to provide information on the different stages children go through when developing important cognitive skills. She supports her information with a variety of experiments as a researcher, and personal experiences as a parent. Unfortunately, she concludes her essay with political and social issues, which weakens her argument as it drifts away from her purpose.
As people learn they will gain knowledge and experience and with this a person develops confidence in their own abilities and will develop a sense of self worth and wellbeing. This will command respect from others and may allow participation in other activity. Being involved in various activities may lead to an individual to gain community presence as they develop relationships outside of their
Diversity: The diversity of a group is very important as they have a variety of ideas, knowledge, skills and experiences that can be pooled together for a great functioning of the group. This group is made up of members who vary in culture, social skills and background. In addition, behaviour of individual members is important this includes their willingness to participate, accepting responsibilities and following rules and regulations. 1.2 Evaluate strategies to manage group behaviour and dynamics Kurt Lewin, a psychologist noted that people often take on distinctive roles and behaviours when they work in a group. He also stated that "Group dynamics describes the effects of these distinct roles and behaviours on other group members and on the group as a whole’’.
By two years old, children begin testing and exploring this idea. Three year olds understand visual perception and the concept of hiding objects. By the time a child is four, they understand that people can have incorrect thoughts about the world. In opposition to the traditional understanding that babies and young children learn and think differently than adults, Gopnik suggests that babies and young children use the same learning methods as scientists. They “observe, formulate theories, make predictions, and do experiments” (Gopnik, 237) to learn about people, objects, and their surroundings.
The phsycological dimensions of an individual affect the persons perception of the world that is around them in many differnet ways. An individuals psychological state determines how a person can function within the society and how they view their environment. The social dimensions of an individual affect how that individual interacts with other individuals in their environment. The few aspects work together to influence who a person is and grows in the world. Cultural competence is followed once we have learned about biopshycosocial behavior.
Values This assignment will discuss personal values and how we acquire them. I will discuss Professional values and the importance of a value base for social work. Over many years, numerous lists of professional values have been created; the history of these lists will be examined together with the codes of practice and anti discriminatory practice in relation with the treatment of Sylvia who has Huntington’s disease. We are all born as entirely reliant infants, but through close proximity with our primary educators (mainly our parents), we are taught how to exist in our culture and acquire our personal values, which are inherited and passed down from generation to generation. Primary socialisation is during the early years of our life and is the most important developmental stage a human being can go through.
These alternatives may be work, personal beliefs, values, love and those with the economic resources can explore alternatives in education. However in trying out all the possibilities, young people may change career paths, study and work part time, or interrupt study to travel. As a result of these experiences, young people’s attitudes and values broaden. Being exposed to multiple perspectives encourages development of a more complex self-concept that includes awareness of their own changing traits and values over time and enhanced self-esteem. Together, these changes contribute to advances in one’s identity.
Post modernists believe that some aspects of identity can bought, therefore changing how identity is formed. There are many agencies of socialisation which help form identity. The family are primary agents of socialisation, showing us how to act from a young age, giving us gender typical toys to play with and changing the way to speak to different genders i.e. ‘stop acting like a boy!’ Or ‘be man and get on with it!’ Family teaches us to accept our ascribed status, feminists say that from an early age the family socialise girls to be taught to be housewives via the toys they play with. Education and school are also agents of socialisation although it is secondary socialisation.
The main reason for this study was because the authors were interested in seeing if there was a link between child behavioral problems such as, hyperactivity and inattention, and playing video games or if other factors played a bigger role in child behavioral problems. The researchers gathered 788 parents of preschool children between the ages of two and five; while also, gathering 391 parents of children between the ages of six and eight and separated them into four different groups. Low risk preschoolers, high risk preschools, low risk school-age children, high risk school-age children, these groups were determined by cumulating the risk and parenting styles of each of the children and concluded that factors such as home environment, quality of parent-child relationship, played a bigger role in a child’s behavior problems than video games. However, they did discover that video game exposure was a good way to predict if a low-risk preschooler would have higher levels of hyperactivity, in their study one out of every four had this behavioral problem, although they did not find this to be the case with any other kind of student or behavioral problems. This is important because children behavioral problems have been studied in detail and researchers have tried to narrow down what plays into them and how to predict what type of children will have them; likewise, this study showed that both nonviolent and violent video games, do not play into a massive number of children’s behavioral problems.
Some toys in both the boys and girls aisles could actually be used in either gender such as Leap frog education, Little Einstein, waterproof cameras and video recorders, and even some video games. Some of the toys will help shape how both genders grow up and think about the world. A lot of kids are a product of their environment the toys they play with and the books they are taught to read. In chapter 4 of the book it talks about all the things I have been writing about in this paper. Things such as; how genders start to realize if they are boys or girls by the age of two and growing up and going through gender schemas.