Each of these samples is evaporated to dryness and rehydrated with a minimal amount of dichloromethane. Finally, a TLC plate is run comparing the crude lycopene and β-carotene samples with the purified lycopene and β-carotene samples. Theory The theory of column chromatography is much the same as other types of chromatography, such as running TLC plates. Additionally, column chromatography can be used to separate compounds of interest, where TLC plates cannot due to their microscale nature. In column chromatography, the stationary phase is alumina or silica powder layered in a thin, upright column.
LAB REPORT: Hydrolysis of Acetylsalicylic Acid PURPOSE: The purpose of this lab is to become familiar with the identification of ester, carboxylic acid and alcohol functional groups, to understand that formation and hydrolysis of esters are equilibrium processes, to understand how ester hydrolysis yields carboxylic acid and alcohol products, and to understand what a sympathetic ink is and how such inks are visualized. PROCEDURE: 1. Crushed two 325mg aspirin tablets into powder; placed the powder in a 50 or 100mL beaker; added 2 grams of sodium carbonate; then measured and added 20mL of water. 2. Stirred the mixture occasionally; covered it with plastic wrap and allowed to stand overnight in a safe place undisturbed to hydrolyze the aspirin to salicylic acid; noticed the odor of acetic acid in the beaker the following morning.
Purpose: To determine and execute the separation of mixture of solids through different means. Examples are magnetisms, evaporation, and filtration. Proposed procedure: Start with the mixture, remove iron by using the magnet, then you are left with NaCl, Benzoic acid and sand. Add water to the mixture, and heat it up and pour the liquid from the sand by filtering it out, lay the sand out to dry, funnel out the benzoic acid and the final liquid will contain NaCl and I would heat it to have the water evaporate. Procedure: Followed the steps in the lab manual to conduct each separation.
Archer G11 Partner: Cathy 22 March 2012 Separation and Qualitative Determination of Cations and Anions Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to identify the cations and anions components in the unknown solution. This can be done by using the method called selective precipitation of ions. This uses the solubility rule to dissolve and precipitate the desired ions. The significance of this lab is that forensic scientist can use these skills to identify the components of the substance found in the corpse. Hypothesis: The hypothesis is that the component ions of the solution can be identified.
Preparing Isopentyl Acetate by the Fischer Esterification Preparing Isopentyl Acetate by the Fischer Esterification Leah Monroe May 8, 2003 Organic Chemistry Lab II Experiment performed on April 29 and May 1, 2003 Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize isopentyl acetate via an esterification reaction between acetic acid and isopentyl alcohol, using concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The product was washed with sodium hydrogen carbonate, as well as with water, then dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The product was then distilled using a Hickman still and characterized using infrared spectroscopy. The percent yield of isopentyl acetate was 61.52%. This may have been low due to not all of the condensed product being removed from the Hickman still, some product being lost during transfer of the product from the reaction tube into the Hickman still, or the loss of some product due to evaporation during distillation.
This was confirmed by the lab manual in page 30 which contains the list of the different Rf values by decreasing value. Introduction: Chemist use many ways of separating and determine want components are in different materials. One of this ways is by dissolving the material in solvent this will only get the mixture of components for example the spinach had to be grind up with hexane to get the organic material separated from the pigments that will be separated even further. Next using a solvent and a polar compound like alumina, the pigments separated from the organic material could be run in a column in which those will be separated even more using polarity. As a more polar solvent is use to push the different rings of pigment, these are collected in their own test tubes to then be run in a TLC which will determine the polarity using the Rf values and then comparing them to the table in the organic lab manual ones.
Chromatography: Separating Mixtures Introduction: Magic marker inks are often mixtures of several compounds. Paper chromatography is a common method of separating various components of a mixture. After separation, you can observe the different colors that make up a particular color of magic marker ink. You can also calculate a ratio Rf, which compares how far each compound traveled to how far each solvent (substance that dissolves another substance) traveled during the experiment. Rf = Ds/Df Ds = Distance traveled by the compound Df = Distance traveled by the solvent Materials: coffee filter, tape, isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol), water, 3 different color magic markers (not permanent); 3 identical tall, narrow drinking glasses; metric ruler, 3 pencils Pre-lab Questions: 1.
Chromatography: Separating Mixtures Introduction: Magic marker inks are often mixtures of several compounds. Paper chromatography is a common method of separating various components of a mixture. After separation, you can observe the different colors that make up a particular color of magic marker ink. You can also calculate a ratio Rf, which compares how far each compound traveled to how far each solvent (substance that dissolves another substance) traveled during the experiment. Rf = Ds/Df Ds = Distance traveled by the compound Df = Distance traveled by the solvent Materials: coffee filter, tape, isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol), water, 3 different color magic markers (not permanent); 3 identical tall, narrow drinking glasses; metric ruler, 3 pencils Pre-lab Questions: 1.
The main uses include: to determine the number of components in a mixture, to determine the identity of 2 substances, to monitor progress of a reaction and to determine effectiveness of purification. This technique involves placing sample onto the end of a sheet of glass or plastic that is coated with an adsorbent, this is called the stationary phase. After it is then placed into a solvent chamber containing a volatile solvent and covered, this is called the mobile phase. Via capillary action, the solvent pulls the components on the plate upward. The two most common adsorbents: alumina (Al2O3) which when anhydrous, alumina is more active and will adsorb substances more strongly.
Terrall Brooks Organic Chemistry 203 Monday 12:50 pm -4:50 pm Dr. Shaw Fractional Distillation Abstract Distillation is the process of converting a liquid to a vapor, condensing the vapor, and then, collecting the distillate in another container. There are two types of distillation namely, simple and fractional. My group was assigned to perform fractional distillation which aims to separate the components in a liquid mixture having different boiling points. We had to record the temperature and volume collected at 1-mL intervals to compute and determine the unknown mixture we used in the process. The results were Acetone which boiled at 56 degrees and Toluene which boiled at 111 degrees.