Experiment 5: Preparation of Cyclohexene- Acid Catalyzed Elimination of Cyclohexanol Ball State University Organic Chemistry Lab 231 (Sec. 5) Dr. Bock/Daniel Miller Tiffany Raber 5 November 2012 Purpose: To prepare an alkene by an elimination reaction of an alcohol in the presence of sulfuric acid as a catalyst to produce a successful yield and desired results for the purity of the alkene. Introduction: The dehydration of an alcohol such as cyclohexanol is a useful technique for generating alkenes. The success of this reaction relies on a dehydration, such as the presence of a strong acid (sulfuric acid). Because this reaction is reversible, a fractional distillation is necessary to produce cyclohexene, water, and some impurities and a simple distillation is followed to further purify the product.
Introduction: The radical chlorination of chlorobutane results in the formation of four possible products. These products are formed by substitution reactions, where a halogen atom (chlorine) replaces a hydrogen atom (Wade 2010). The amount of each product formed is based on the relative reactivity of the product. The calculations of the relative reactivity are dependent on the reactivity of the hydrogen atoms, which is influenced by the chloro substituent as well as other factors such as the level of the substituted carbon and the bond dissociation energy. For this lab we want to observe how the chloro substituent has an effect on the reactivity of the possible hydrogen atoms.
The overuse of antibiotics enables the bacteria to build up immunity to antibiotics so that they are less effective. MRSA bacteria normally lives on the skin and in the nose without causing problems. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, less than 2 percent of the population carries the type of staph bacteria known as MRSA (Mayo Clinic Staff). It is when a infection occurs that the bacteria becomes a problem.
Determine ( a) The limiting reactant ( b) The percentage of excess reactant ( c) The degree of completion ( d) The percentage conversion based on Sb2 S 3 ( e) The y ield of k g Sb produced/ kg Sb 2S 3 fed to the reactor. Prob.3 A common method used in manufacturing sodium hypochlorite bleach is by the reaction C l2 + 2 NaOH = NaC l + NaOCl + H2 O C hlorine gas is bubbled through an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, after which the desired product is separated from the sodium chloride ( a by product of the reaction). A water NaOH solution that contains 520.5 k g of pure NaOH is reacted with 386.8 k g of g aseous chlorine. The NaOC l formed weighs 280.9 k g. (a) What was the limiting reactant? ( b) What was the percentag e excess of the excess reactant used?
Doctors could charge as much as they wanted during the Black Plague. But, like the other attempted cures, toads leeches did not work. Thousands of cats were burnt because people thought this would eradicate the source of the disease. This did not
Given that mycotoxins may have carcinogenic properties, you should immediately remove yourself from any black mold environment and have the spores professionally removed. Black Mold vs. Other Molds • All molds can potentially cause respiratory symptoms as the spores enter your lungs, but not all molds contain pathogens or mycotoxins. Some of the more common household molds, like Penicillium and and Cladosporium, are far less harmful and only pose a threat to asthma sufferers and people with respiratory conditions. The toxigenic molds, like Aspergillus and of course black mold, can pose a threat to
Another way to help kill bacteria is by drying clothes, sheets, and towels in a dryer instead of letting them air dry (Understanding MRSA Prevention, 2012). Washing your hands, as previously stated, is very important. People should scrub their hands for a minimum of 15 seconds, dry their hands with a disposable towel, and use a towel to turn the faucet off. Hand sanitizer should also be used when access to soap and water is not available (MRSA infection: Prevention,
Ditches were dug for the dead, they were pilled on top of each other until there was no room to fit anymore; and then another ditch was dug. Even though these people were terribly ill with a very contagious disease I believe they at least deserved a proper burial. I do understand that under the different circumstances they had no other choice, in order to keep the streets clean. I do have one question though, how was it that some were able to walk away from the Death unharmed? I guess it would be something like chicken pox, although this was very contagious before the doctors came up with a vaccine that assures children will not get it anymore.
They become very weak and sick through these treatments because they kill not only malignant cells but healthy ones as well. Both radiation and chemotherapy yield mixed results. After the lesion is removed it is taken to a lab for microscopic evaluation. Following treatment, there is routine check ups to your doctor for monitoring. Nodular melanoma has a poor prognosis due to the aggressive metastasis of the cancer.
It has been noticed that the same drugs that suppress the immune system so that lupus can't attack the body also reduce a person's ability to fight off bacterial and viral infections. “If a person has more severe manifestations of the lupus that brought them to the hospital their symptoms are going to be treated with aggressive immunosuppressant’s, and that's going to increase their risk of infection," said Dr. Joan Merrill, medical director of the Lupus Foundation of America. It was also stated that more than likely, it’s going to increase their risk of re-hospitalization, and the treatments don't work, then they’re at risk of organ