i Introduction to Latin America Name: Course: Tutor: Date: Introduction to Latin America Introduction The first section of this work covers personalities in the history of Latin America and their contributions to attaining independence from Spanish rule. Secondly, the role of several caudillos in the Spanish America is looked into extensively. Simon Bolivar Simon Bolivar was born on July 24, 1783 in Caracas, New Grand (now Venezuela). He was born into a wealthy family who sourced their money from the gold and copper mines they owned in Venezuela. He moved to Spain in 1799, at sixteen to complete his education after his parents died (Martin & Wasserman, 2011).
He went into exile in 1937 and 1939 founded the leftist Dominican Revolutionary Party. The PRD was the first well organized political party of the Dominican Republic and the only one with a constructive program ready to implement after Trujillo’s death in 1961, Bosch won election of December 20, 1962. Bosch was overthrown in a military coup in September 1963. Another military coup, on April 24, 1965, led to violence between military elements favoring the return to government by Bosch and those who proposed a military junta committed to early general
This was established by the independent Tower Commission and admitted to by then-CIA director William Casey. El Salvador, Colombia, Nicaragua and Panama were among the Central American countries invaded by the United States or its agents. Grenada, in the Caribbean, was likewise occupied. Conversely, President Ronald Reagan was criticized for ignoring the Monroe Doctrine by supporting Great Britain's efforts in South America during the Falklands War. 5.
The Democratic-Republicans sought to limit federal control and preferred local power as the dominant force. Chiefly, the emergence of the American two-party system arose from strongly opposed political views, but also developed out of experience and a struggle for power. As previously stated, the main reason for the development of the party system in the United States, or any political party for that matter, is a difference in beliefs on how a government should be operated. The Federalists, formed by Alexander Hamilton – Washington’s Treasury Secretary – in 1794, favored federalism with government having the power to control commerce, tax, declare war, and make treaties among other powers.
Many intellectuals during the Enlightenment explored new ideas in political economy; Adam Smith in his 1776 An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations was one of the most influential figures for the Americans. Smith admitted the mercantile system worked, yet criticized its principles. Expounding a doctrine of individualism, Smith was one of many voices stating that the economy, like the individual, should be free from detailed regulation from the state. Economic, as well as individual, self-interest and its outcome in the market should be allowed to function without state regulation. Although it was indeed approved by the First Continental Congress, the practice of mercantilism was replaced with a Smith-oriented form of liberalism in post-Revolutionary
Despite the fact that slavery allowed white aristocrats to maintain power while fattening their wallets the thought of the enslavement of another human being caused Enlightened France to fight over their freedom of these people, even though it would hurt the economy, social, and political order of France. If slavery ended in Europe during this period, the economy would have no doubt been damaged in these nations. According to a report made by Antonie Barnave to the National Assembly’s Committee on the Colonies, he thought that if slaves received freedom then there would have been economic shock. Barnave even thought that slaves should eventually have freedom, but he also thought at the same time if the National Assembly were to give them that now then France would no doubt be hurt economically. This document is not biased, but Barnave’s point of view.
A few weeks after the ousting of Batista, Castro is appointed premier. In the eyes of the U.S. this was a welcome change from the Batista regime. Soon after gaining the role of premier, Castro made a sharp turn toward the Soviet Union and announced his transformation to Marxism and Leninism. This startling change in policy caused alarm in the American camp because Cuba was just over 90 miles off the coast of Florida and a Communist Country that close to the U.S. could not be tolerated. The Cold War was in full swing and the domino theory was a house hold word at this time.
Troy Zimmerman 11/13/12 Period 3 IB HOTA Latin American analysis Simon Bolivar and Benardo O’Higgins were similar, but also different in leading their individual parts of the Latin American revolution. Simon Bolivar was a political leader as well as a military leader. Bolivar was a diplomat he was president of Peru and Colombia., but at age 28 he left politics behind and joined the army (“Simon Bolivar.” Biography True Story. Bio. 2012.
They preferred a pretty strict construction of the constitution and look down on Hamilton’s ideas for a national bank and saw them as unconstitutional. The party promoted states' rights and they were threatened by the supposed, the far too powerful tendencies of the Federalist Party which they had seen before with Great Britain. These Democratic Republicans favored Agriculture and opposed the tariffs that Hamilton had proposed; for these supporters mostly included skilled workers, small scale farmers, and plantation owners. So it is safe to say the majority of these types of supporters were vast in the southern frontier states as opposed to their rivals in the northeastern states who were more on the business side of things. Democratic Republicans all in all wanted things to remain the same in the U.S government because they felt that giving more power to the national government by way of national bank or tax would slowly get rid of the people’s voice in politics creating a rerun of the previous outcome with Great Britain.
Before an author tries to explain when and why Communism ended, it helps to know what Communism is – what distinguishes Communist systems from other highly authoritarian or totalitarian regimes. Communism in its heyday in power had six essential defining characteristics. The first two are related to its political organisation: the monopoly of power of a Communist party and rigid discipline and strict hierarchy within that party – what was euphemistically known as ‘democratic centralism’. Communism’s two economic defining features were its centralised, command economy (with prices and output targets fixed administratively) and state ownership of the means of production. There were also two characteristics of great ideological significance – the sense of belonging to an international Communist movement greater than the sum of its parts and the aspiration to build ‘communism’, the classless, stateless society of the future.