Viruses: Viruses are microscopically small and are the simplest microbiological entity. A virus is not an independent living organism and needs a host cell to replicate. They are sub-microscopic parasitic particles of nucleic acid (RNA or DNA) that are wrapped in protein. Viruses are immune to antibiotics and are spread in the air or by direct contact. They can lead to serious or sometimes deadly diseases, such as AIDS.
Changes in climate or introduction of a new species from elsewhere can greatly affect the balance of nature. Viruses: A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. Most viruses are too small to be seen. Viruses infect all types of organisms, from animals and plants to bacteria . All viruses have genes made from either DNA or RNA, all have a protein coat that protects these genes; and some have an envelope of fat that surrounds them when they are outside a cell.
E.g. staphylococcus, clostridium difficile Viruses: Viruses are made up from DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information. Most are covered in a protein coating to protect the genetic information. It is a small infectious agent that can only replicate inside the cells of living organisms. Most viruses are too small to be seen with a light microscope.
Cause and Spread of Infection 1. Understand the Causes of Infection 2.1 Identify the Differences Between Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi and Parasites Viruses are extremely small pieces of nucleic acid that are surrounded by a thin protein coat. They are different from other infectious microorganisms because they cannot replicate outside of a living host cell. They synthesize energy from their host cell and do not have a cell membrane, cell wall or cell nucleus. They have genes but lack a cellular structure.
CU254- Causes and spread of infection 1.1 Bacteria- single celled organism essential for all life, parasites or live independently. They multiply themselves by cell division. Antibiotics can usually kill them. Examples of this is meningitis/ pneumonia Virus- Microscopically small and simplest micro biological. It is not an independent living organism it needs a host to replicate.
Understand the causes of infection 1.Bacteria are classified into different groups and can be pathogenic (capable of causing illness) or non-pathogenic (not likely to cause illness). Different types of bacteria are identified by their varying shapes. Bacteria are simple organisms, made up of just one cell, and are capable of reproducing by themselves. They do this through a process of growing to twice their original size and splitting into two; those two cells then split into two more, and so on. This may appear to be a very simple process; however, conditions have to be right for it to happen and for the bacteria to be viable.
Outcome 1 Understand the causes of infection 1. Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria are one-cell microorganisms with a single cellular organization, bacteria can reproduce from the life cycle and can be killed by antibiotics. Viruses are pieces of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein that replicate only within the cells of living hosts, viruses are smaller than bacteria and can’t be killed by antibiotics. Fungi are a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms (eg. Moulds, yeasts), as well as more familiar mushrooms.
Causes and spread of infection 1.1 identify the differences between bacteria,viruses,fungi and parasites. bacteria Bacteria is a single celled organism and can be found in almost any substance/surface and also in the human body, only 1% of bacteria is actually harmful. It's bad or infectious bacteria that cause illness as they rapidly reproduce and produce a toxin that kills or mutates cells, bacteria is also living organism. Viruses A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. Most viruses are too small to be seen directly with a light microscope, All viruses have genes made from either DNA or RNA, When a virus enters the body, it enters some certain cells and takes over making the now host cell make the parts the virus needs to reproduce, the cells are eventually destroyed through this process.
1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria are microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that can be found anywhere. Viruses are an infective agent that typically consists of a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat and is able to multiply within living cells. Fungus is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms which includes both unicellular microorganisms and multicellular fungi. Parasites are an organism that lives in or on another organism and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other's expense. 1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria commonly causes strep throat, urinary tract infections, tuberculosis, etc.
During the log phase the bacteria multiply rapidly and within the bacterium the DNA copy drifts to the opposite side of the membrane, they then pull apart creating two daughter cells which begin diving, This is called binary fission. During the stationary phase the bacteria multiplying dwindles, this is due to accumulating waste and lack of space. During the death phase the bacteria lose all ability to reproduce. Bacterial death may occur as quickly as it growth Structure of a Bacteria Bacteria are single cell organisms with no distinct nucleus. they consist of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane and then a cell wall.