Historical development to the present day . The people influential in its development Dr Carl Ransom Rogers (1902-1987) and American Psychologist was the founder of Person Centred Counselling back in the 1950’s born in Oak Park Illinois. Rogers attended Teachers College at Columbia University where he engaged in child study. In 1930 Rogers served for the society for the prevention of cruelty to children in Rochester; where he went on to write The Clinical treatment of the problem child (1939), which was based on his experience in working with children. With the years’ experience of working with troubled children, Rogers was influenced in constructing his client-centred approach by the post-freudian psychotherapeutic practice of Otto Rank.
Chapter 2 Jean Piaget and his Cognitive Theories Of the theorists that are listed in chapter 2 of the Adult Development text, I found in reference to the different theories on childhood development I believe that I most closely related with the findings of Jean Piaget. I appreciated his natural curiosity and admired the fact that he did indeed, do the research himself. Piaget, In 1919, taught psychology and philosophy at the Sorbonne in Paris. There he met Simon (of Simon-Binet fame) and did research on intelligence testing. He didn’t care for the “right-or-wrong” style of the intelligence testing and started interviewing his subjects at a boys school instead, using the psychiatric interviewing techniques he had learned before.
Clive is able to play his piano and able to recognise his wife, exhibiting his long term memory. He remembers his children, remembering their teenage years but not their present life; demonstrating his good long term memory but absent short term memory. Another
Howard Gardner is a professional of cognition and education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education. Gardner is the author of twenty-five books and several hundred articles. Gardner is best known in educational circles for his theory of multiple intelligence, which he indicates there to be a number of eight. Gardner also believes that the brain has different or separate parts within the brain for different types of learning. Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligence states that not only do we have several ways of learning and processing information but these methods are independent to one another.
In addition to working at Harvard Medical School, he also had a private practice in child psychoanalysis. Later on in his life, he held teaching positions at University of California at Berkeley, Yale, San Francisco Psychoanalytic Institute, Austen Riggs Center, and Center for Advanced Studies of the Behavioral Sciences. Erikson’s psychosocial theory expands the work of Sigmund Freud, developing them beyond adolescence. Freud believed that our personality was shaped by age five. Erikson developed a series of eight psychosocial theories.
Franz vowed then, and there to be the pianist version of Paganini. Already an accomplished composer, Franz took time off from concerts to work tirelessly day in and day out until he emerged, a few years later, as the greatest pianist of his time. Liszt created sounds from the piano as if an orchestra were playing them, and he had remarkable finger dexterity; works such as Douze Grandes Etudes and Paganini Studies show off his amazing talent on the piano. He was an excellent showman. His work encompassed the use of bold leaps, and extreme dynamics.
House- Tree- Person Test Lauren G. Letcher Evaluation & Assessment of the Individual Dr. Azimi April 25, 2006 John N. Buck (1906-1983): developed the House-Tree-Person (H-T-P) Projective Technique and other psychological inventories: he was instrumental in establishing clinical psychology in Virginia. The (H-T-P) Projective Techniques scoring system uses classifications levels to determine intelligence along with a qualitative interpretive analysis to evaluate the personality characteristics of the individual taking the test. Buck was a clinical psychologist who gained national recognition for his diverse contributions to the field. Buck served on the first Examining Board for Certification of Clinical Psychologists in Virginia (and the nation) and was later its chairman. His research was published in peer-reviewed journals and lectured at universities.
He continued with pursuing his graduate work in psychology, and became entrenched in the ideology of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development. His fascination with this resulted in Kohlberg making modifications and additions via “moral dilemmas” to create his own theory. The result was his doctoral dissertation (1958) the first rendition of his new stage theory. (W. Crain) It is at this point that we begin to see the differences in their theories regarding the stages. Piaget broke it down into two stages of cognitive development, whereby Kohlberg has identified six stages on three separate levels of development.
He was also trained in adult psychiatry from Maudsley Hospital. John Bowlby was the pioneer behind the development of attachment theory. He presented his work entitled as “A Secure base” in 1988 in which he emphasized on the need of parental love and care for a child. Besides that, he also developed understandings in the field of evolutionary biology, cognitive science, control systems theory, developmental psychology and biology. He worked with renowned scientists such as Konrad Lorenz and Niko Tinbergen in the field of ethology.
Salovey and Mayer also initiated a research program intended to develop valid measures of emotional intelligence and to explore its significance. In doing the research for his first book, Daniel Goleman became aware of Salovey and Mayers work in the early 1990s. Being trained as a psychologist at Harvard, where he worked with David McClelland, Goleman wrote the popular bestseller "Emotional Intelligence" (1995), in which he offered the first ' proof' that