Stalin was trying to push the people so they can be an advanced country. He wanted to make up the difference between the advanced countries and Russia in 10 years. He said, "Either we do it or we will be crushed." Stalin's Five-Year Plans set high production goals for heavy industry and transportation. Other changes Stalin made were to increase production in agriculture by the collectivization policy.
Ch.11 Review Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution is a series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of maufacturing goods and it started in Europe in the late 1700's and was a cause of population growth between 1750 and 1950. The development of factories was due to the steam engine, patented in 1769 by James Watt. The iron industry was first to increase production through extensive use of Watt's steam engine. Coal was the next product that benefited the iron and steel manufacturing required energy to operate the blast furnaces and steam engines and coal was the answer for this. The new engineering profession made its biggest impact on transportation especially canals and rail ways.
Due to businesses like these integrating vertically big businesses were made easier to grow. By 1913, 14.7% was what the US produced units relative to the world in 1880 became 32%. Another point is the fact that through the work of Carnegie, steel has become a major product of the US, this increased the steel production thus providing lots of employment. This results in a massive growth in the economy . Due to big businesses like one of Carnegie’s, small companies which were less profitable were ruined, this resulted in the economy benefiting from monopolies.
Document 2 is also a chart showing cotton yarn production in the same years as document 1, but in Japan. It was also gathered by a government power, making it trustworthy as well. As in document 1, it shows a huge increase in machine-spun yarn production, jumping from 5 million to 666 million pounds per year in 30 years. This shows how Japan also had a huge increase in production of cotton materials starting in 1884. Document 6 restates the idea in document 1 of the increase in machine textiles and the decrease of hand-weavers due to unmatchable competition with industry.
To what extent were changing ideologies the most significant force for change in China, 1949-1989 Between the years 1949 and 1989, China underwent numerous significant social and political changes. The beginning of this 40-year era was occupied with the ‘liberation’ of China, as the Peoples’ Republic of China was established; however the notorious Tiananmen Square Massacre marked the end of this era. The vast majority of both minor and major social, economic and political changes occurring between these years can be attributed to changing ideologies. Thus, changing ideologies were the crucial but not sole catalyst for change in contemporary China, 1949-1989 by building the foundations for political and social change, therefore being the most significant force for change to a major extent. The various political, social and economic reforms introduced by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) under Mao’s leadership, factionalism within the CCP itself and the changed ideologies of Deng Xiaoping were external factors crucial for the changes which occurred in China during this era.
How far do you agree that the most important development in the industrialisation of Russia from 1855 to 1965 was a result of Witte’s great spurt? After the defeat at Crimea, industrialisation the on became a key priority for each leader, sometimes at the expense of other sectors such agriculture and the general wellbeing of the peasantry. Some historians feel Witte was the figure who kick-started Russian industrialisation in the form of his ‘Great Spurt’. However others feel without Alexander II emancipation of the serfs all the progress made after him wouldn’t have been possible. Other than Witte the only Russian Leader to have made such a big of an impact on Russian industrialisation is Stalin and his five year plans.
Profit opportunities encouraged a surge in silver production in Spanish America and Japan. In the 17th century Japan exported huge amounts of silver to China. Also American crops were also introduced to the Chinese, contributing to the increase of the Chinese population in the eighteenth century. Their population growth along with market growth implied another boost in demand for silver, which in turn propelled silver’s value fifty percent above Europe. Largely in response to big demand, more Mexican silver was produced in much greater quantities this time around during the eighteenth century than that had been produced by all of Spanish America during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries combined.
In 2006, out of all the consumer electrics in the world, 80% was exported from China. China is also a massive consumer. It consumes more steel, coal meat and grain than any other nation. This means that it also imports raw materials from many other countries. In 1978 Deng Xiaoping became leader and began an ambitious programme of economic reform aimed at raising rates of foreign investment and growth.
At this time people wanted to spend their money instead of save it for hard times. Society’s hourly pay rate nearly double and tripled during this era. War factories transitioned from making war materials to making civilian supplies, which lead to the boost in our economy at the time. Today, effects of the Baby Boom have many factors that come into play that affect our economy. According to National Academy of Social Insurance “social security faces a financial challenge from the impending retirement of the largest generation in American history, the 76 million persons born in the “baby boom” years, from 1946 through 1964.
For example, of the four main parts of heavy industry; Coal, Iron, Steel and Oil, only the targets for oil production were met and exceeded by 1932. However, the economy grew by 14% every year and the rest of heavy industry did grow, Iron went from an annual production of 3.3 million tonnes in 1928 to 6.2 million in 1932. The second plan (1933-38) was a more conservative version of the first, with a larger focus on consumer goods. However, these were superseded towards the end of the plan with a focus on military equipment and production, as Stalin was predicting a war with Nazi Germany. Transport and electricity output was expanded to help meet the growing demand of industrialisation.