One political policy that was a major success were the newly developed Basic laws. These were introduced to try remove any remaining Nazi or was legacies. One of the Basic laws was that a new political parliament known as the Bundestag was to be set up. This created a democracy in West Germany. This was successful because Safe guards were put in place to ensure that no one could ever take all power as Hitler Did when he was President of the post war Reichstag.
The creation of the European Union in 1952 was due to the fact that Europeans wanted to create a better future and for another world war to never happen again. European integration and economic prosperity were key reasons why the EU was created. There are two main views on integration-the intergovernmentalist and the neo-functionalist discussions on how the EU functions. The quote “The history of the European Union shows that, at its heart, it is a Franco-German partnership…the EU is not a supranational organization”, is one prime example of how an intergovernmentlist views the EU. Based on the theory of intergovernmentalism, the Franco-German partnership is the most vital and important in regard to power and influence in the EU, because both France and Germany are the founding members of the European Union, having strong economies and both have strong influence upon EU legislation due to these factors.
(Document 6) As written in The Origins of the Second World War, by A.J.P. Taylor, if more countries kept getting involved with the issue of the Munich Agreement, Czechoslovakia would have been safe. Taylor also thought that German people were the only ones in the world who can “turn Hitler out” This was to be thought because the Germans were the ones who put him into power in the first place. “The appeasers” feared that the loss of Germany would result in the domination of Europe” (Doc
The impact of the Berlin Crisis and the u2 spy plane incident in 1960 also displayed the tensions between the superpowers during the Cold War years. The end of the Korean War in 1953 can be seen as ‘peace coexistence’ easing Cold War tensions between the Soviet Union and the USA it showed cooperation between the countries when an armistice was concluded that brought the fighting to an end. The war had produced a stalemate since 1951 and the peace talks that had been going on had been protracted, but with the change in leadership in both the USA and the USSR there was more interaction in a less hostile manner and so a conclusion could be reached. The fact that their was a Berlin Foreign Ministers’ conference in January 1954 showed ease as the two countries could discuss matters and
After the death of Stalin in March 1953, Nikita Khrushchev emerged as leader of the USSR. There was also change in the US Presidency as Harry Truman was replaced by Dwight Eisenhower. Both the USA and the USSR felt secure enough to pursue different approaches to foreign policy, and these changes led to the establishment of a framework for improved relations. Peaceful Coexistence was adopted by Khrushchev during the 20th Party Congress, with aims to reduce hostility between the two superpowers. Despite hostility created by Hungary in 1956 and Berlin 1958-1962, superpower relations after 1953 did generally stabilise, as pressures from the arms race and economic concerns pushed them towards accommodation.
Firstly, democratic peace is able to promote greater stability in the world as a result of the shared norms between liberal democracies. They have a common code of honor which is clearly stated in the countries’ constitution that requires them to solve dispute in a peaceful manners. In case of clashes in interest among them, they will seek for a solution in round table manners which involved peaceful talks and negotiations. For example, the long shimmering dispute between America and Canada on the sovereignty over the Northwest Passage did not startle arm race between those two powers. This was further elaborated by Maoz and Russett (1993) that political disputes among democratic countries are settled through compromises instead of the destruction of the opposite side.
Firstly we will look at the role of which Bismarck played towards German unification. Bismarck would see an opportunity and exploit it for his own good. In the Danish War of which involved Schleswig and Holstein; Bismarck managed to intervene, even though it did not have any effect on him, so that people would see him as a defender of German nationalism and so he could turn the war around to benefit Prussia. By doing so the citizens of German states saw him as a leader and joined together to back him up and this was his first step to unifying Germany. Following this, Bismarck turned his attention to Austria as he wanted them out of the Bund so he could fulfil his vision of a unified Germany under Prussian leadership.
Stalin helped Communist parties in them to win power, he made sure that these eastern European countries followed the same policies as the Soviet Union by becoming one-party states. * There was also a need to restore law and order. This provided a good excuse to station Soviet troops in each country. * The economies of Eastern Europe were shattered. Governments followed the economic policies of the Soviet Union.
Easterners saw unification as a political goal that would give them more freedom and richness; while the West Germans, according to 'Andreas Staab', saw unification as a welcome but not desperately pursued political gift. However there was no merge of equals as Germany was united by West Germany taking over East Germany. (Peter Pulzer, German Politics, 1945-1995). Of course this has brought many problems to Germany, specially to East Germany but has also brought some prospects to the country. With The West taking over the East, it meant that GDR had to accept 'terms of accession to the system of the Federal Republic' (Dividing and Uniting Germany).
Essentially, it just instilled the balance of power and the fact that the colonies were mandates under the League of Nations meant that there wouldn’t be any more imperialistic conflicts. The Rhineland, a vastly industrialized area in Germany that borders France was also something that Clemenceau had wished for. In the end, it was agreed that the Rhineland would stay a part of Germany however it was to be demilitarized permanently. This was a very good agreement, as had France received it, it would have gone against the principle of self-determination. Furthermore, it would have reflect what the Germans had done to the French in 1871 over Alsace-Lorraine, and seeing as how the French sought revenge after that it was obvious that the Germans would as well.