Louis XIII and Louis XIV both claimed to rule by divine right. Both strongly believed in how they ruled their kingdoms and showed that they wanted as much power as they could attain. Both kings always had the final decision for everything and one thing Louis XIII decided to do was go to war against Spain for balance of power. Louis XIV built Versailles because he wanted a magnificent place for all the powerful people to live because he was paranoid. These two kings got to do whatever they wanted since they were ruling with Divine Right.
His successor Edward III managed to stabilize this relationship, by creating crusades in France, focusing their energies into conquests which began the 100 years wby w05anettletonar. He also created a new caste, forming titles such as Duke, which were given to more immediate royal family. While it appeared this caused less authority for future monarchs, and the balance of nobility was more precarious, the King was still at the head of the monopoly, and we can see from Edward III’s reign that it was possible to balance. In fact, Edward III was considered one of the most successful medieval Kings. However managing this new, more powerful nobility required more attention and careful direction than Henry VI was capable of giving.
The war against France from 1512-14 was a perfect chance for him to show his skills with foreign policy. England formed an alliance with the Pope, Ferdinand V of Spain and Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor against Louis XII of France. The first campaign was not a success, however Wolsey learned from his mistakes and in 1513 he launched a joint attack with papal support on France and successfully captured two French cities and caused the French to retreat. Wolsey was able to supply the troops during the war which led them to success. In 1514 he also negotiated the Anglo-French treaty which created temporary peace between the two countries and let Louis XII marry Mary, Henrys younger sister.
However, the most accurate assessment of Bonaparte’s intentions as leader most probably lies somewhere in between these two views. He was undoubtedly ruthlessly ambitious, but nevertheless, as an autocratic leader, made his own ambitions and desires synonymous with those of France and its people. Tulard (C) is no doubt the most forceful in claiming that the personal benefits which arose from making France a more stable, and thus more prosperous country, had always been Napoleon’s primary motivation from the very outset. However, a number of flaws in his argument are apparent, particularly the fact that he neglects to consider the desires of the French population; a strong government capable of restoring much needed political and
Wolsey was born in Ipswich in 1472 to a working class family. He was a talented scholar who progressed from humble begins as a Butcher’s son to being Henry VIII's highest advisor by 1515 and was also nicknamed ‘Alter Rex’. However Wolsey knew that I order stay on top he had to be Henry’s “faithful servant”. He was determined to provide Henry with proficient government and to remain at the head of the Church for a long time. In contrast to Wolsey downfall in 1529 - encouraged by his enemies, he manage to stay on top for a long duration of time, 15 years of ruthlessly controlling patronage which is quite impressive.
Then, in 1486 they had a son named Arthur, therefore securing end of conflict. Also, in November 1485 Henry summoned parliament establishing to the mp’s that he was the rightful king and he also embarked on a progress in April 1486 granting favours and justice, this then showed his people that he was king, he didn’t want to look like a remote king and this is shown through the fact that he is going on horseback to the north of England. Also, after Henrys victory, he showed tactful and political awareness in his handling of the nobility. For example, John De Vere who joined him in France became the Earl of Oxford. Henrys ability to attract and maintain the loyalty of talented men and his willingness to reward them with recognition and power were key elements in the security of the dynasty.
Based on Howarth’s 1066 The Year of the Conquest, and a number of other primary and secondary sources, there were many possible causes for William the Conqueror’s invasion of England which all suggest the outcome of 1066 to be a fluke. One possible cause of Duke William’s invasion of England that suggests the outcome of 1066 to be a fluke is his personal pride and anger. William’s pride and anger are possible causes for the invasion, but it is due to chance and luck that he won the Battle of Hastings. Chance can be defined as a possibilty or and oppurtunity due to a favorable combination of circumstances or sequence of events. According to Michael Stanford, author of “A Companion to the Study of History,” chance is something that can not be forseen, or explained.
Henry VIII’s foreign policy between the years of 1509 – 1529 revolved around his fantasy of becoming a famous “warrior King.” His main aim was to conquer France, as he believed that the French crown was rightfully his, he was not however successful in this aim, despite capturing obscure towns in France such as Tournai. Henry went through three phases of foreign policy during these years: Initial aggression in his first French war between ending in 1514, the following a rather unsuccessful French campaign, entered a stage of diplomacy where he attempted to gain allies and achieve European peace through the treaty of London, 1518. But it can be argued that little success came from this period either with very few significant agreements made in the Treaty of London or the Field of the Cloth of gold except for minor prestige for Henry and England, but at huge costs. As well as this, any hopes of finally conquering France in Henry’s second aggressive phase were crushed due to financial and political obstacles. Henry was aware that the current French king, Louis XII was dying and wished to avoid war at all costs, as he would not be able to guide his country in his old, weak age, Henry realised that this was the ideal situation in which for him to launch an attack, he also had the support of the nobility, who were raring to have a fight.
Young men dreamed of hero. Nationalism strong in Germany and France. Germany proud of new empire’s military power. France bitter from Franco-Prussian war wanted to recover Alsace and Lorraine. Also Austria-Hungary’s king and family visited Sarajevo- Bosnia was assassinated by conspirator Gavrilo Princip Austria striked back in revenge.
Henry did somewhat achieve this goal with his wars with France and Scotland. The battle of the Spurs (1513) and the Battle of Flodden (1513), although to some considered small skirmishes, did make the countries of Europe start to notice England as a possible threat and certainly now knew about Henry VIII. England didn’t really gain the Honour and Glory that Henry VIII claimed they had gained through these two battles but it certainly did make other countries start to notice England and Henry VIII. One big success that Henry VIII did manage to accomplish in the early years of his reign was that he was able to gain the French pension he felt England deserved. After the capturing of the two towns Tournai and Thérouanne Henry demanded the French compensate the English for the areas that had been previously under English