When the Hundred Years War broke out, both side decided to use their ability to tax the church granted to the kings by the church as a repayment for the crusades. When the church refused to pay France, they kidnapped Pope Boniface VIII. The Pope died soon after his rescue and the cardinals elected a French pope so as not to stir trouble again. But instead of moving to Rome, the new Pope Clement V stayed in Avignon. A new string of Popes would settle in Avignon for the next 70 years where the French kings were able to maintain a firm hold on the papacy.
When Hasdrubal dies, Hannibal the youngest son of Hamilcar takes over. Hannibal uses his army to take over Seguntum. This is an independent act and not approved by the Carthaginian government. This surprises Rome that Carthage would do that. Rome sends an embassy and says its ok just give up the city and well backtrack no need for a problem.
In addition Napoleon with great diplomatic skills made sure that Venitia would be ceded to France even if Austria won and then passed on to Italy. Moving on a war broke out between France and Prussia in 1870, as a result Napoleon III wanted to bring his army up to strength and so withdrew his troops from Rome. Victor Emmanuel suggested an agreement to pope which was rejected and an army of 6000 troops was sent to occupy Rome. Moreover Napoleon III had many motives that influenced his actions in Italy. The fact that he belonged in the Carbonaris in his youth believed it was his destiny to do something for Italy.
Constantine was not yet a baptized Christian when he settled matters of Christian dogma and the Arian Controversy at the First Nicene Council (First Council of Nicaea), which ended on August (or July) 25, 325. As a result of his initial decision against the Arians, Constantine exiled his friend Eusebius for holding an heretical position. Constantine later revised his opinion and recalled Eusebius. It was from 325 that Constantine enjoyed sole reign in the Roman empire, having defeated and executed his co-emperor Licinius, who had reneged on the Edict of Milan. Constantine died in 22 May, 337 at Nicomedia, shortly after his baptism by the Arian bishop, his friend Eusebius of
Hamilcar developed a base for Carthage in southern Spain, which helps explain the geography and transalpine adventure of the Second Punic War. When Hamilcar died, his son-in-law Hasdrubel took over, but when Hasdrubel died, 7 years later, in 221, the army appointed Hannibal general of the forces of Carthage in Spain. People considered Hannibal “Great”: Hannibal retained his reputation as a formidable opponent and great military leader even after Carthage lost the Punic Wars. Hannibal colors the popular imagination because of his treacherous trek with elephants across the Alps to face the Roman army. By the time the Carthaginian troops had finished the mountain crossing, he had about 50,000 troops and 6000 horsemen with which to face and defeat the Romans' 200,000.
The Italian writer and poet, Niccolo Machiavelli, wrote a world famous book titled The Prince, which gave suggestions on how a proper ruler should lead his country. If Machiavelli was the ruler of Italy during the fifteenth century, he would have defended his country and restored the success and power they once had. Machiavelli became a politician at Florence in 1498, which was four years after the Medici family had been expelled from the city. Machiavelli loved politics, and was always traveling between Italy, Germany, and France. However, with the French defeat and Spanish victory over Florence in 1512, Machiavelli was sent into exile.
* Publius Hevlius Pertinax was the new caeser Maximus Maximus is a fictional character that is composed up of two or three real historical figures. Kind of like a collage of people to make one picture/person. Avidius Cassius * was a great roman general * was appointed military governor over Asia * got sent to Egypt to put down a rebellion * when Aurelius fell ill, his wife offered the throne to Avidius Cassius * but he proclaimed himself king before Aurelius had died * the senate then declared him a public enemy * Aurelius tried to save him by pardoning him but didn’t reach him in time * Avidius Cassius got killed by his own officers Diocletian * Born in the lower classes like Maximus * “He would have received little education beyond an elementary literacy” (www.roman-emperors.org) * “He eventually became his emperor's trusted favourite and bodyguard, and later became a general”( www.exovedate.com) * He was finally named heir, and became emperor a little while after
Flashes of sporadic violence against the English continued, but by bandits and outlets rather than any semblance of an organised military force. Henry IV died in 1413, and was succeeded by the less Plantagenet, more astute Henry of Monmouth, Henry V. He began to offer the Welsh rebels pardons. Owain's son Marededd refused a pardon until 1421, leading some historians to suspect that this was the year in which he died. One theory is that he ended his life as a the family chaplain on his daughter Alys' estate she shared with her husband, Sir Henry Scudamore, the sheriff of
What was the place of attack used for? The King gave up and formed a national guard under WHO…the event saved the National Assembly of the 3rd Estate What was the assembly meant to destroy? On 4 Aug 1789, WHO voted to abolish fiscal priviliges of the nobles, clergy of the towns and provinces On 26 Aug, France adopts WHAT that was gleaned from ours??? A group of radicals in French politics were called WHAT? Who was executed on 28 Jul 1794?
Although the results were ineffective it was effective in the sense of spreading Nationalism. Mazzini was known as the heart of the revolution; he organized revolutionary groups such as the Society of Young Italy which aimed at training leaders and spreading nationalism in Italy which the main goal was to spread nationalism. Topic 2- Works of Cavour and Garibaldi- support of other countries The first country that helped Piedmont to unify Italy was France. After the Crimean War (1854-6) Napoleon III, king of France, agreed to help Piedmont in taking Lombardy and Venetia from Austria. In 1858, Cavour and Napoleon III met at Plombieres.