Herzberg’s Theory Of Motivation And Maslow’s Hiera

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Herzberg’s Theory of Motivation and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Frederick Herzberg suggested job factors theories that motivate employees. Abraham Maslow established a theory about how people follow several human needs. Frederick Herzberg identified two factors related to job satisfaction: Hygiene factors and motivational factors. Hygiene factors must be maintained at adequate levels. They are related to the environment the employee is working in rather than the work itself. Important hygiene factors consist of organizational policies, quality of supervision, working conditions, relationships with peers and subordinates, status, job security, and salary. Adequate levels of all of these factors could prevent employee dissatisfaction. Motivational factors include achievement, recognition, responsibility, growth, the work itself, and the opportunity for advancement which increases the job satisfaction. Maslow suggested a sequenced pattern of needs and satisfaction that people follow to reach the next upper need in the hierarchy after satisfying lower needs. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs consists of the following categories: First, physiological needs, which are the basic level of needs for survival such as food and shelter. Second, the safety need where an individual seeks security and protection in the daily life. Third is the social need or the desire to be part of a group with love and affection. Fourth is the esteem need or the need for respect, recognition, and prestige. And last is the self-actualization need, the highest level of needs with the desire to reach full potential using abilities and creativity. In summary, these theories would help managers to recognize what their employees need to enhance the job performance and group satisfaction. However, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

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