Erikson’s Timeline Elizabeth McWilliams PSY 230 September 29, 2013 Dr. B. Morford Erik Erikson’s Eight Stages of Development takes a less sexual approach than Sigmund Freud at how we, as individuals, develop through life. Each stage, represented by a period in our life, is categorized by certain events and milestones from our birth to our death. The first stage, called trust vs. mistrust, takes place in our infancy. The second and third stages of autonomy vs. shame and doubt, and initiative vs. guilt, respectively, take place in childhood, specifically through the toddler and preschool years. The fourth stage, industry vs. inferiority, happens during the school years of childhood.
Increasingly as children in modern society are becoming more rebellious and independent and construct their own individual identities, many people argue that the peer they socialise with have the greatest effect on their behaviour. This idea is debateable however, as there are other institutions like the media or the family that are key in instilling norms and values of society. The ways in which peer groups socialise a person into his/her gender identity are many. Through peer group pressure along with positive and negative sanctions, it is inevitable that a young person will conform to their group’s norms and values. Firstly, the ideas of being isolated from a friendship group is a daunting vision for many youngsters, and are thus willing to adopt the groups norms and values if it means they will acquire popularity or just to be part of a group.
Between the ages of 0 – 3 years children can attended either privately owned or government owned day nurseries separate from all schools, but still monitored by OFSTED (The Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills). There is a charge for your child to attend nursery at this age. From the age 3 – 5 children are eligible to 5 funded sessions of around 2.5 hours of pre-school education a week. Depending on the education provider depends how this is distributed. A lot of schools have morning or afternoon session to cope with the demand.
This would be a great chapter of the book for parents to read because it would help them to understand why the school is doing what it is doing. There may be a lot of different things going on when it comes to discipline that a parent of a student with special needs does not understand and this chapter could given them a good insight to the reasons behind the actions. Also it would give parents the resources they need to maybe challenge what the school is doing if the school does end up over stepping their role in disciplining a student
Bibliography: CACHE level 2 Childcare and education 4th edition – Penny Tassoni. Activities 7.02- What kind of learner are you? (CACHE level 2: childcare and education: Delivery resource pack) D1- The term statutory provision means it must be provided by law for children. A statutory provision for children under 5 years old is: 1. Nursery school- This is a school for children between the ages of 3-5.
Concrete analysis was done through the use of ethnographic interviews, keen observations, and the obtaining of corporate documents. This essay will conclude with future suggestions for the betterment and preservation of organizational culture and its co-creation processes. KEY WORDS: Organizational culture, cultural co-creation, customer-service oriented “Management and executives are interested in organizational culture...because they believe their organizations culture is unique and can be an effective tool in attracting employees or distinguishing [them] from competitors (Keyton, 2005).” From the drafting of a business plan,
Nursery classesThese are attached to a primary school and may have a separate building and playground away from the main school but have the same head teacher and staff. Primary schoolFor children aged 4-11. Children will start on the Early years (Foundation) curriculum and move on to the Key Stage 1 followed by Key Stage 2 of the National curriculum. Secondary schoolFor students aged 11-16. Continue with stages 3 and 4 of the national curriculum.
“Repetitive behavior involves repeated movements and verbalizations. These include motor movements, persistent attention to parts of objects and strict adherence to routines.” (Turnbull A, Turnbull R, Wehmeyer M, Exceptional Lives Special Education in Today’s Schools 2010). Now, with students who have autism it is very important to have a good simple routine and stick to it. And it is very important to tell them about a change at the beginning of the day rather than waiting right up until it is supposed to happen. Sticking to a routine will help things to not be so chaotic when it comes to transition time and telling the student about a change will help that student deal with that change before problem behavior can occur.
With an influx of self-absorbed thoughts, high awareness of details, and great concern of others opinions, this egocentric stage can possibly cause even more imbalance stress and anxiety in adolescent years. The need to be accepted grows stronger and the invincibility personality starts to take over. Acceptance of peers is important for positive outcome in self-assurance and confidence. Teen peer pressure of being involved in a group or “click” of peers and trying to “fit in” can lead to mal-adaptive behaviors, i.e. Drug use, smoking, sex, breaking laws.
Peer pressure, curiosity, and the availability of drugs are factors that some youthful and vulnerable teenagers have to deal with in their adolescent lives. One of the significant reasons of teenage drug use is peer pressure, particularly from the social influences among friends, acquaintances, school, and the community. Depending on the person’s experiences and choices, circumstances and consequences may vary. If a teenager’s social main group is using drugs, then there may be a strong pressure due to the fact that drugs are present and can easily be offered. Also, the person might get convinced to think that there is nothing wrong with trying drugs because “everybody else is doing it.” In the effect that teenagers will try drugs just to fit in the social norms, they might do it to impress their buddies to be considered "cool" as part of being in the group and gain acceptance by friends.