The skin then breaks and pressure ulcers form 2. The parts of the body most at risk of developing pressure ulcers are in direct contact with a supporting surface, such as a bed or a wheelchair. These might be: * Shoulders or shoulder blades * Elbows * Back of the head * Rims of ears * Knees, ankles, heels or toes * Spine * Tail bone (the small bone at the bottom of the spine) 3. Some of the factors that can put an individual at risk of developing pressure sores are: * Poor nutrition or hydration * A health condition that limits the blood supply(diabetes and peripheral arterial disease) making the skin vulnerable to bruising and damage * Poor mobility * Age * Urine or bowel incontinence 4. By using incorrect moving and handling techniques one might put residents at risk.
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) Congestive Heart Failure or CHF is a severe circulatory congestion due to decreased myocardial contractility, which results in the heart’s inability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body’s needs. In general, causes can be classified according to the following: a. Volume overload may cause the right ventricle to hypertrophy to compensate for added volume. b. Pressure overload usually results from an obstructive lesion, such as COA c. Decrease contractility can result from problems such as sever anemia, asphyxia, heart block and acidemia.
2024 Undertake Agreed Pressure Area Care 1.1.1 The anatomy and physiology of the skin in relation to skin breakdown and the development of pressure sores. The skin is the largest organ of the body and it acts as a waterproof protector for all the internal organs and it consist of four distinct layers: The epidermis, the basement membrane zone, the dermis and the subcutaneous layer. The epidermis which is the outer layer and is a protective multilayered self renewing structure which varies in thickness depending on which part of the body it covers under this the dermis, this is a layer of connective tissue which provides the skins elasticity and strength, it also contains sensory nerve endings, blood and lymph vessels, sebaceous and sweat glands. Under this layer is the subcutaneous fat layer; this separates the skin from the underlying bone and muscle with rich blood supply it also serves as an insulator and energy store. Pressure ulcers develop when a large amount of pressure is applied to an area of skin over a short period of time.
Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis is a crippling condition that often prevents people from working within five to ten years of diagnosis. Osteoarthritis Osteoarthritis is a type of arthritis that is characterized by a gradual loss of cartilage in the joints. Cartilage is tough tissue that provides cushioning between the bones that make up the joints. Loss of this protective cushion often results in bone spurs and cysts and allows bones to rub on each other, which is extremely painful. The affected joints are usually “load-bearing” joints located in the knees, hands, hips, feet, and spine, although the condition often starts in a single joint.
Secondly, functional changes that may occur with someone with dementia is that they may have had a stroke or have weakness in using limbs which would affect them using utensils such as a knife and fork for instance not having the strength to lift the fork to their mouth. Or they may have lost strength within the swallowing or chewing, this would significantly affect a person in reference to eating drinking and nutrition. This can lead to a person not being able to eat and therefore losing weight and possibly malnourished and becoming dehydrated. Thirdly, emotional changes can affect eating, drinking and nutrition in a huge way. For instance people with dementia can be affected by grief as in the most common of circumstances they are elderly and may have suffered the loss of a partner.
Fistulas are abnormal connections between different parts of the intestine or another organ. The development of internal fistulas, may allow food to bypass areas of the bowel where absorption occurs. External fistulas can lead to drainage of bowel contents to the skin. Some fistulas may become infected and form abscesses, a life-threatening
Fernando’s kyphosis could be attributed to years of bad posture, or age related arthritis. Either would indicate deterioration in the intervertebral disks causing the vertebrae to become more compressed and tip forward. G. What effect does Fernando’s kyphosis have on the thoracic cage? Fernando’s kyphosis can cause compression within the thoracic cage, leading to shortness of breath. H. What are the components of the thoracic cage?
and they may wish to stay in there room. This could lead to depression. Poor hygiene can contribute to skin becoming sore and could eventually cause the skin to breakdown. A poor hygiene routine can cause pad burn or nappy rash from wearing a dirty incontinence pad for a long time, these can also help to worsen pressure sores. Not washing properly can also cause or help towards infections of the skin if broken.
It is not clear whether these are from lupus itself or whether there related to the general stress and fatigue of having a chronic illness. More severe symptoms such as difficulty with memory loss, concentration, numbness or weakness of the arms and legs are not to common. People with this disease may also develop inflammation of the heart sac, which may cause severe or sudden pain on the center of the left side of the chest that may spread to the neck, back, shoulders or even arms. People may also develop inflammation around the lungs, which may cause a stabbing chest pain and coughing. Many people tend to lose weight when their disease is active.
Fibromyalgia and Multiple Sclerosis both have pain associated with the diseases. These pains can be muscle twitching, muscle weakness, severe weakness in an arm or leg or both. More common pain could be tingling, crawling, or burning feeling in the arms or legs. All of these lead to muscle pain which makes it very difficult to do the daily activities. A person who has these diseases could be embarrassed by symptoms such as constipation, stool leakage and urine leakage.