HAGIA SOPHIA Hagia Sophia is a Greek work meaning “Holy Wisdom”. It is said to be the most glorious Christian church in the history of the Byzantine Empire. It is located at Istanbul (Constantinople) capital of Byzantine. In the five years Emperor Justinian, a rebellion started because of high taxes. It destroyed the old cathedral giving him an opportunity to reshape his image.
The holy book of Islam is the Qur’an (‘Koran’), and the centre for Muslim worship is the ‘House of Prayer’ in Mecca. During the 6th century, Arabia had two powerful neighbours: the Byzantine empire and the Sassanian empire. The Byzantine empire was Christian and its capital was Constantinople which is now the city of Istanbul in Turkey. The people of the Sassanian empire worshipped the sun-god, Ahura Mazda, and followed the teachings of an ancient philosopher, Zoroaster. Islam grew and spread rapidly east and west from Arabia to become a powerful rival to Christendon.
The Hagia Sophia was the most magnificent buildings in the city; its name means “Holy Wisdom” and is one of the most popular man-made structures in the world (156). It was “the mother church of the Orthodox faith, After the Ottoman conquest, and the church became an Islamic mosque” (193). In addition, still to this day you can see some of the trappings and calligraphic writings that was saved from that time (193). As of today, it is now a Museum, the mixture of the Byzantine and Islamic aspects make a strong token of the meeting of the West and East (193). There are two different pictures of the exterior and interior of Hagia Sophia on pages 156 Figure 7.4 and page 193 Figure 8.13in the book Experience Humanities by Roy T. Mathews, F. Dewitt Platt and Thomas F.X.
The church is also called the Cathedral of St. Vasily the Blessed (Russian: Собор Василия Блаженного), anglicized as Saint Basil's Cathedral. St. Basil's marks the geometric center of Moscow (not to be confused with the geographic center, the Ivan the Great Bell Tower). It has been the hub of the city's growth since the 14th century[5][6] and was the city's tallest building until the completion of the Ivan the Great Bell Tower in 1600.The original building, known as "Trinity Church" and later "Trinity Cathedral", contained eight side churches arranged around the ninth, central church of Intercession; the tenth church was erected in 1588 over the grave of venerated local saint Vasily (Basil) Fallingwater stands as one of Wright's greatest masterpieces both for its dynamism and for its integration with the striking natural surroundings. Wright's passion for Japanese architecture was strongly reflected in the design of Fallingwater, particularly in the importance of interpenetrating exterior and interior spaces and the strong emphasis placed on harmony between man and nature.
The apse in the Roman basilica frequently contained an image of the Emperor and was where the magistrate dispensed laws. In the Early Christian basilica, the apses contained the "cathedra" or throne of the bishop and the altar. 9) Nave elevation- term which refers to the division of the nave wall into various levels. In the Early Christian basilica the nave elevation usually is composed of a nave colonnade or arcade and clerestory. 10) Clerestory- a clear story, i.e.
It is to the first two of these miracles, probably, that we owe the famous fish symbol, which briefly summed up the chief articles of the Christian belief. The earliest and always the favorite symbol of the Eucharist in the monuments was that inspired by the miracle of the multiplication of the loaves and fishes; the banquet of the seven Disciples appears only in one (second-century) catacomb scene; the miracle of Cana in two, one of which is of the early third, the other of the fourth,
The Ancient Greeks continue to influence our lives today in three prominent ways: architecture, politics, and medicine. In present day, Western architecture owes a heavy debt to the classical styles of Ancient Greece. Ancient Greeks started building temples of worship to their gods at about 600 B.C. One defining feature in these temples was the distinctive column styles known as Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. These can be most easily defined and identified by each column’s capital.
The Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Turkish: دولت عليه عثمانیه Devlet-i ʿAliyye-yi ʿOsmâniyye;[4] Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu), also historically referred to as the Turkish Empire or Turkey, was a state founded by Turkish tribes under Osman Bey in north-western Anatolia in 1299. [5] With the conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed II in 1453, the Ottoman state was transformed into an empire. [6][7][8] During the 16th and 17th centuries, in particular at the height of its power under the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent, the Ottoman Empire was one of the most powerful states in the world – a multinational, multilingual empire, controlling much of southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. [9] At the beginning of the 17th century the empire contained 32 provinces and numerous vassal states, some of which were later absorbed into the empire, while others were granted various types of autonomy during the course of centuries. [dn 2] With Constantinople as its capital and control of vast lands around the Mediterranean basin, the empire was at the centre of interactions between the Eastern and Western worlds for over six centuries.
They also had a political purpose as they were often built to celebrate civic power and pride, or offer thanksgiving to the patron god of a city for success in war. Ionic Doric The earliest monumental buildings in Greek architecture were the temples. Since these were solidly built and carefully maintained, they had to be replaced only if destroyed. There were two main orders of early Greek architecture, the Doric and the Ionic, and their lasting example tended to make Greek architecture conservative toward changes in design or in building technology. The Doric style, which originated around 400 BCE brought rise to a whole new type of building technique and style, and was used in mainland Greece and spread to the Greek colonies in Italy.
Student: Loginova Tatyana Group: IYA12-01B (A) The description of the Ennis House The Ennis House is one of the most famous buildings in Los Angeles. It was designed by Frank Lloyd Wright for Mabel and Charles Ennis in 1923. The house is situated on a hill and this fact adds greatness to its view. The building consists of several concrete blogs. Its design is based on ancient Mayan temples.