The value of work was so great at this time, and probably the biggest contributing factor that helped bridge the divides. The value for slaves in the south was huge because of the weather and conditions they could withstand. In the northeast the agriculture was not as bountiful due to geographical conditions, the north began to have a booming commercial economy. The industrial economy played large parts in the port cities. Every tax directly affected the economy, and affected the workers and merchants; it had a chain effect that controlled every aspect of the world.
Virgin-soil epidemics are the deadliest phenomena ever experienced by humankind. The cataclysmic effects of virgin-soil epidemics struck Native American societies just as they faced the threat of European invasion. None of this could have occurred at a worse time for the Americans. The varities of domesticated animals and infectious diseases that jumped back and forth form animals to humans were more numerous in the old world than the new. Many migrated west across Eurasia with animals or people, or were brought by traders from
Factory Farming: Affects and Consequences Due to human population increases and modernization, farming has changed from family run pastures and fields to industrial and mechanical factory farming. Factory farming is fast becoming the most widely used method for producing meat, eggs, and dairy for consumption all over the world. However, this method provides more negative impacts on the world than positive impacts. Factory farming negatively affects the environment, health, society, and the food animals it kills as well as pets. Solving this issue will take federal regulation and protection that extends to farming animals rather than just companion animals combined with a decrease in human animal consumption.
Expansion affected the nation in many ways other than size. It also affected our country's population, culture, economy and social structure. America's economy was the first to experience the effects of Westward expansion. Most of the settlers that moved out west were planning on becoming farmers, if they were not already farmers. Along with new farmers came new products that the United States (US) could ship out to other countries as a profit.
The book Guns, Germs, and Steel by Jared Diamond had many themes but in my opinion the three main themes of the book were geographic luck, development of technology, and conquest. These themes were reiterated throughout the book when Diamond kept bringing up multiple examples from history to try and prove that it’s not based on the intelligence, or race of people, who succeeds, it’s based on Diamond’s main theme geographic luck. Geographic Luck Jared Diamond talked about how geographic luck played an important role in world history, and a few of the things he talked about were having an east to west axis compared to having a north to south axis, trade, farming, the domestication of animals, why protein was important, and how the environment shapes the way we live. Depending on the location of a society they may or may not be restricted to trade. If you look at Chinese societies they were able to trade and communicate with other societies through the silk roads.
When he uses materials such as the diaries of Pizzaro’s men and the other textual resources still available he is using history narratively. The critique of Jared Diamond’s book Guns, Germs and Steel lies in what Diamond fails to do. I do not think the author is saying that Jared Diamonds views are entirely wrong he just thinks that Diamond is lacking an additional perspective. Diamond actually contradicts his view on genetic differences affecting the course of history. It is a very delicate thing to prove and Diamond can’t do so without contradicting himself.
Unlike Homo sapiens, who coexisted during a period of climate change, Neanderthals did not have the technology to survive the harsh temperature changes, which caused rapid decreases in Neanderthal population sizes, ultimately leading to their extinction. Neanderthals arrived in Europe approximately 130,000 to 90,000 years ago, and rapid fluctuations in temperature began to occur 70,000 years ago (“Anthropology: How Neanderthals chilled out”, 1990, p. 189). The average temperature would rise and fall several degrees within a short period of time. The once flourishing flora and fauna of Europe diminished at an alarming rate, as did the Neanderthal populations (Palmer, 2004, p. 10). Neanderthals could not acquire sufficient food or adequate shelter in order to maintain their population size.
Our diets today primarily consist of processed foods which have only existed for not even half a century. Since our bodies are not accustomed to this food like substance (not even actual food), they are not equipped to process theses materials, which results in obesity and illnesses. We obviously need to make our diets more like the foods we are meant to eat. America is basically a zoo: an artificial environment; the human body is not designed to work at a desk, receiving limited exercise; or to consume processed foods. Our bodies are adapting to a relatively new indoor life style.
In his Epilogue, Diamond states that: “…if the populations of Aboriginal Australia and Eurasia could be been interchanged during the Late Pleistocene, the original Aboriginal Australians would now be the ones occupying most of the Americas and Australia, as well as Eurasia…” (pg. 405) Through this quote, Diamond is clearly trying to rebut against the racial justification of the ones that assumed so. As Jared Diamond progressed through the explanations and origins of inequality, his conclusion was, as stated in the book’s Epilogue: “the striking differences between the long-term histories of peoples of the different continents have been due not to innate differences in the peoples themselves but to differences in their environments.” (pg. 305) Diamond disproves the arguments of the ones that try to justify inequality by explaining through his book that genetically inherited traits of the Eurasian natural selection does not vary the speed of development through different races of
The ultimate factors that explain why the Europeans first came to possess guns, germs, and steel are due to their head start in food production, and availability and use of domesticable animals (from which they derived many of the germs that would later wipe out the Native Americans). Basically, domesticated animals provided meat, milk products, fertilizer, land transport, leather, military assault vehicles, plow traction, and wool. The extinction of the megafauna 40,000 years ago “eliminated all the large wild animals that might otherwise have been candidates for domestication, and left native Australians and New Guineans with not a single native domestic animal.” Diamond includes this because after a few thousand years of eating big game, the megafauna went extinct leaving the tribes to resort to hunting-gathering. This fact set the tribes back even further because lack of domestic animals means lack of meat, milk products, fertilizer, etc. One of Diamond’s claims is that there were few animals, suitable for domestication, present in black Africa; since black Africans had little opportunity to utilize such animals, civilization was not in the cards for them.