Yufei Hua 1000067205 GGR124 Assignment 1 Professor: Deborah Cowen TA: Madeleine Cahuas TUT 5301 Word Count:393 Engage the City Institutional racism, as one of the causes of urban inequality, is slowing down urban gentrification. Institutional racism is “discrimination based on both formal rules and common practices that are so widespread and so well established that they are taken for granted” as defined in the book “Starting Points: A Sociological Journey” (Tepperman, 2011, p.266). Thus, people sometimes are being racist without realizing it. Similarly, collateral damage might be already happening in the city before people’s awareness, urban inequality, for example. In Professor Hulchanski ’s work “Three cities within Toronto”, the existence of urban inequality and a trend of polarization are apparently admitted as
al. indicate that race is the strongest factor in segregation, followed by class, and then life cycle. Even though racism is a strong determining factor, it is steadily declining whereas class segregation is increasing. Judd and Swansrom (2012) place these finding in a historical context arguing that many federal provisions enacted prior to 1960 and early in the decade contributed to these trends. As white flight incurred after World War II, sending white veterans and their families to suburbs, coupled with the expansion of highwys, the geographical makeup of the city became that of “white suburban donuts” surrounding “black inner city holes”.
Farther down the river, for example, in the Delta town of Tunica, Mississippi, people in the black community of Sugar Ditch live in shacks by open sewers that are commonly believed to be responsible for the high incidence of liver tumors and abscesses found in children there. Metaphors of caste like these are everywhere in the United States. Sadly, although dirt and water flow downhill, money and services do not. The dangers of exposure to raw sewage, which backs up repeatedly into the homes of residents in East St. Louis, were first noticed, in the spring of 1989, at a public housing project, Villa Griffin. Raw sewage, says the Post-Dispatch, over flowed into a playground just behind the housing project, which is home to 187 children, "forming an oozing lake of .
19 October 2011 “Gangsta Rap and American Culture” Evaluation Michael Dyson essay, “Gangsta Rap and American Culture” wasn’t meant to evaluate rap music. Instead, it was meant to bring attention to the conditions that exhisted in the “ghetto’s” and the stereotypes surrounding the lifestyle. Dyson explains how the media and the general public want to blame gangsta rap for its troubles in society. Dyson further explains background information on the ideas and history of the rap community. Dyson states “the severe 70’s busted the economic boom of the 60’s” as being the force that helped rap to become what it is now (Dyson 433).
Cameron Ohlin Baldwin’s Harlem In his essay entitled, “Fifth Avenue, Uptown: A Letter from Harlem,” James Baldwin composes a masterful description of the slum that is Harlem, New York. Baldwin takes the reader on a journey through the “colorless, bleak, and revolting” streets that make up Harlem. He portrays the white policeman as a soldier, prepared for war at a moments notice. While Baldwin’s essay is of upmost seriousness, he discovers a way to incorporate irony and even sarcasm into his writing. Baldwin shows his knowledge of the streets history as he describes how Harlem began and gradually became the ghetto that it is today.
London: Routledge Smith, N. (1996) The New Urban Frontier: Gentrification and the Revanchist City. London: Routledge. Seymour, B. (2004) Shoreditch and the creative destruction of the inner city. Slater, Tom(2009)'Missing Marcuse: On gentrification and displacement',City,13:2,292 —
We can forgive Whitaker’s assailant. Much harder to forgive is all that makes Whitaker stand out in the first place. New York is a city, like most in America, that bears the scars of redlining, blockbusting and urban renewal. The ghost of those policies haunts us in a wealth gap between blacks and whites that has actually gotten worse over
Inequality in America Imagine walking down a sidewalk and expecting to be discriminated against by other pedestrians because of skin color, even worse, having to cross over to the other side of the street instead of passing another pedestrians just to ensure they don’t get intimidated. This is shown in both of the memoirs I have read, Exile: El Paso, Texas by Saenz and Just Walk on By: Black Men and Public Space by Brent Staples. Both these characters were natural United States born citizens. In the two memoirs, Saenz and Mr. Staples undergo discrimination and racism based on false assumptions.
Mark Huntsman 1/25/2014 College Composition Don Airhart The Stranger In every city and every state homeless people are all around. They are at times a burden and no one wants to associate themselves with them. The Homeless have been around for a long time. To the everyday person that passes them by on the streets, people would turn their head, advert their eyes, or even cross the street to avoid contact. Plaguing the sidewalks and alley ways of most major cities, the homeless are often looked down upon with tattered clothes, lack of personal grooming and hygiene which leaves them less appealing.
The Black Power movement emerged from this, one of the most misunderstood and controversial protest movements in history. These militant activists grew more and more powerful, until they came to dominate the civil rights movement in the 1960s. In this essay, it will be evaluated whether the Black Power Movement had mainly a positive or negative impact on the civil rights movement. Positive: One of the most effective boosts for black nationalism during the civil rights movement was the formation of the Nation of Islam in the 1930s. Founded by Wallace D Fard but led by Elijah Muhammad since 1934, the organization was built upon the belief to uplift impoverished blacks in the Detroit ghetto by fostering a sense of black pride.