There are many disadvantages to hard engineering that can effect not only the environment but people. The main disadvantages to hard engineering are that for one they are very aesthetically displeasing to some people and can take up a vast amount of room. Two, they are incredibly expensive for the amount that is usually used. Another problem is that if a sea wall breaks during a storm then the effects of that storm will seem a lot worse just like in river’s where if a levee breaks during a flood the effects are a lot worse. Another thing with hard engineering, going back to the costs is that not all of the countries in the world can afford to have hard engineering management strategies.
Over time there have been many tectonic activities which have created many earthquakes and natural hazards that have had an effect on people’s lives. Most earthquakes and volcanic eruptions do not strike randomly but do occur frequently in certain areas of the world. In this essay I am going to discuss the extent to which humans influence tectonic events. Many people argue that human factors are more of an impact than the physical features of the event itself. I will look into the human factors that claim to have an influential effect on the hazards that occur when there is plate movement upon the earth; these are to include the development of certain countries and whether they are more developed to cope with the likes of a tectonic event, the population density of an area is a key factor to how damaging the event is in how many people it is likely to affect.
Discuss the view that the impact of earthquake hazards depends primarily on human factors [40] An earthquake is a tremor or shockwave in the earth’s crust that is caused by the sudden movement of the crust, resulting in the earth shaking. Most earthquakes are a consequence of tectonic plate movement by tension causing a sudden release of energy or rubbing. These normally occur at plate margins or along fault lines and can cause hazards which need to be prevented where possible. Earthquakes can therefore occur at all plate boundaries, destructive, constructive and conservative but the most damaging tend to happen at destructive margins where the earthquakes have a high magnitude due to the rubbing of the oceanic and continental crusts. A hazard is a natural event that has the potential to effect both life and property.
However, if the rocks surrounding the river is permeable then the water will be able to percolate and it will travel slower, as groundwater-flow to the river, which will reduce the rivers discharge. Similarly to type of rock, the steepness of the mountain surrounding will also affect a rivers discharge because if the mountain is very steep the water will not have time to infiltrate down and consequently will travel as surface run off, decreasing lag time and increasing discharge. However, if the temperatures are high but not dry, then evapotranspiration will increase from plants and other vegetation, this therefore will reduce the discharge of a river as less water will be reaching the river. Likewise, an example of a human factor that can be changed to decrease discharge and stop flooding is the use of the land surrounding the river. If the
It is this side-to-side load which causes the worst damage, often collapsing poor buildings on the first shake. The side-to-side load can be worse if the shocks come in waves, and some bigger buildings can vibrate like a huge tuning fork, each new sway bigger than the last, until failure. This series of waves is more likely to happen where the building is built on deep soft ground, like Mexico City. A taller or shorter building nearby may not oscillate much at the same frequency. Often more weight has been added to a building or structure at most frequently at greater heights; say another floor and another over that; walls built round open balconies and inside partitions to make more, smaller, rooms; rocks piled on roofs to stop them blowing away; storage inside.
For instance; if someone calls you fat on your back, it destroys you emotionally. Physical pain can be healed, but it is very hard to heal an emotional pain. A harsh word is undoubtedly more painful than a blow to the face, because a harsh word is a blow to the heart. Words can be bullets to the heart penetrating through your flesh until you explode with pain. Words affect different areas of knowledge.
Leakage (slow and abrupt) of CO2 during transport and storage besides posing health risks to humans and local flora and fauna may balance out the net effect of CCS on global warming. Elevated particulate emissions from the power plants and mining sites resulting ain air and water contamination may have negative impacts on the local people’s health and also far away populations (following theories of pollutant dispersion) which probably may not have benefitted (socio-economically) from the implementation of the project. Similarly, on a comparative
The latter systems are costly, large in size, require specialized maintenance and are incompatible with computer data processing and analysis. In this paper, a recent development in seismic data acquisition has been focused. A cost-effective, small size seismic data acquisition system is proposed based on ARM. The system consists of an Accelerometer sensor for sensing seismic signal and an Alarm to inform about arrival of the earthquake. Index Terms — Seismic Data Acquisition, Earthquake, Accelerometer, ARM, ADC I.
On the other hand, the second disaster affects the cities more than the forests. It damages buildings, streets, and bridges and that will lead to human's death. These damages also will impacts the economy of the country. Moreover, the earthquakes may cause Tsunamis, if it happens in the
They create huge media attention as the rate of change from what would have been considered as ‘normal’ conditions is very high, for example an earthquake can turn an entire city to ruins and kill hundreds of people in just minutes. They have a limited areal extent and usually have a low predictability. However improvements in science and technology are slowly increasing the predictability of the occurrence of these events but the impact it will have is more difficult to determine. Other examples of catastrophic hazards include tsunamis and volcanoes. Chronic hazards are less newsworthy than catastrophic hazards but because their effects are cumulative over time but the effect can be just as, if not more severe.