Despite the government's continuous attempts to reduce inequalities, there is still a noticeable divide in genders. The Government have used methods such as; the equal pay act and the sex discrimination act but both methods may not have been as effective as was hoped. Gender plays an important part in health inequalities. Physical differences account for different vulnerabilities to different diseases and social differences, such as living and working conditions lead to varying health issues. Men & women also have different approaches to diet and obesity, It is expected that by 2030 up to 48% of men and 43% of women will be obese.The life expectancy for men and women are certainly unequal as in 2010 in England the life expectancy of a man is 77.2 whilst the life expectancy for a women is 81.5, whereas in Scotland it is 74.6 and 79.6 for women which is significantly lower than that of England anyway.
The biological theory tells us that genes determine a person’s gender. Klinefelters syndrome supports the biological approach as a person with this type of syndrome, where the individual has a XXY chromosome, will suffer from lack of body hair and underdeveloped genitals. Turners syndrome is when a woman is born with XO chromosomes which result in them having short bodies. However, some individuals are born with XY chromosomes and as they grow up, realise that their gender is female. Therefore there is reason to believe that genes may not affect gender development that much as there are a lot of people nowadays who are transgender.
There are not available any diagnostic tests or procedures to help catch this disease early. Yet, there are a few current theories that explain the cause of MS such as interaction of environmental and genetic factors. These factors are geographical, genetic, viral, infective and maybe related to a shortage of vitamin D (D’Arcy, 2012). Multiple sclerosis affects approximately 400,000 people in the United States, more than 50,000 people in Canada, and 2.5 people million worldwide. Multiple sclerosis is at least two to three times more common in women than in men, which suggests that hormones may play a vital role in determining an individual’s susceptibility (Miller, D. H. et all 2008).
National Kidney Foundation stated, “Over 95,000 U.S. patients are currently waiting for an organ transplant; nearly 4,000 new patients are added to the waiting list each month.” On the other hand, there is valid argument regarding convicted felons should receive organ transplants . This controversy is not new. Organ transplantation has
However, unlike with abstinence-only education, it is acknowledged that many adolescents sill still have sexual relations. There are also discussions about contraception, which is largely ignored in abstinence-only models. (ASA) According to records from the Center for Disease control and prevention, 870,000 pregnancies happen each year with young women aged 15-19, and about 30000000 cases of STDs are reported each year among 10-19 years old. (APA 1) HIV is contracted in more than half of cases before the age of 25. (APA 1) Because of facts like this, it is important that adolescents are taught how to protect themselves.
Summers was shamed into apologizing but his analysis of why there might be fewer women in mathematics and science is common. There are at least three possible explanations as to why only 20 percent of women work in science, engineering, and technology the first being discrimination, discouragement, and other barriers. A second possibility is listed as gender disparities that arise in the absence of discrimination as long as men and women differ in talents. A third explanation is listed as that child-rearing does not easily co-exist with professions that demand such large commitments of time. Pinker warns us that overestimating the extent of sex discrimination is not without cost, because you may be falsely charged with sexism.
They studies 30 different countries, 2800 university students used as participants. There was a broad consensus in which males were dominant, aggressive and autonomous whereas woman were more nurturing, deferent and interested in making friends. Thus this indicates that biology is more dominant rather than culture. Conformity is another aspect when looking at gender, across cultures-general consensus that woman are more conformist than men. However this difference varies across cultures.
Lupus can be triggered at puberty, after childbirth, through sunlight, after prolonged course of medication, during menopause, after viral infection, or as a result of trauma. Lupus occurs in different ethnic groups. The reason for this is not known. In Caucasians the ratio is 1:1000, African Americans 1:250, and in Latinos 1:500. Ninety percent of the affected are women.
Gender Stereotypes Gender stereotypes are simplistic generalizations about the gender attributes, differences, and roles of individuals and/or groups. Stereotypes can be positive or negative, but they rarely communicate accurate information about others. When people automatically apply gender assumptions to others regardless of evidence to the contrary, they are perpetuating gender stereotyping. Many people recognize the dangers of gender stereotyping, yet continue to make these types of generalizations. Traditionally, the female stereotypic role is to marry and have children.
When a woman has an abortion, there can be physical, mental, emotional and spiritual damages. Ectopic pregnancies are more common after having an abortion. Ectopic pregnancy is when an egg is fertilized in the fallopian tube, and cannot reach the uterus. This can be caused from scar tissue, from scraping inside during an abortion. Children may also be more likely to be born with handicaps because of problems or change in the mothers reproductive organs as a result of previously having an abortion.