Obstetric and gynecological sonographers examine the babies being developed in a mother’s womb. When performing an ultrasound on someone there are steps that should be followed. First of all, before starting an ultrasound put some jelly on the woman’s stomach. Secondly, make the woman’s uterus easier to visualize by pushing any loops of her bowl up and out of the way, especially during early pregnancy. The bowel contains air or gas and ultrasound waves do not travel well through air.
F) Which adaptation would have taken place in the pubic symphysis of the female skeleton during the later stages of her pregnancy in preparation for the birthing process? Answer: The hormone relaxin is released to increase the flexibility of the pubic symphysis to ease delivery of the baby. G) What clues could Stefan have used to identify the gender of the pelvis? Answer: Females have an open, circular pelvic inlet; broader sciatic notch; wider angle where the two pubic bones meet in front; more outwardly flared hip bones. H) How would Stefan have distinguished between the left and right hip bones?
Maternal risks of a multi-fetal pregnancy include hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and postpartum hemorrhage (Multifetal Pregnancy Reduction, 2013). Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality increase with each fetus. The most common method of fetal reduction is trans-abdominal multi-fetal pregnancy reduction. An ultrasound is used as a guide and a needle containing potassium chloride is inserted through the woman’s abdomen, into the uterus and into the fetal sac causing the heart to stop (www.webmd.com). Following the procedure, the fetal tissue is normally absorbed by the mother’s body.
The function of the menstrual cycle is to control ovulation and prepare the female for pregnancy. The pituitary gland releases the hormone FSH and LH to stimulate the follicle in an ovary causing it to begin to ripen an egg and begin releasing the hormone oestrogen. Once the egg has ripened the follicle starts to release progesterone which increases blood flow to the womb, thickening the lining and thus preparing it for potential pregnancy. If there is no pregnancy in two weeks the progesterone production is reduced which causes the womb lining to be shed. An issue with studies on the REM
PID significantly raises the risk of ectopic pregnancy - the fertilized egg does not settle and grow in the uterus; in most cases it will grow in the fallopian tubes, but may also grow in the ovary, cervix, or abdominal cavity. Cervicitis - inflammation of the cervix (neck of the womb). Symptoms may include a vaginal discharge, which may contain pus, pain during intercourse, frequent urination, burning pain when urinating. In chronic cervicitis the cervix may swell and cysts may develop. The cysts may become infected.
There may be benign reasons for breast lumps such as hormonal changes, the breast tissue itself, and cysts. One cause of lumps is the anatomy of the breast itself. A week or two before menstruation, hormonal changes occur. The breast may feel lumpy and overall it may feel heavy. But this is just the effect of surging hormones.
It asked all the questions about what things influenced their decision such as age, income, employment status, and social conditions. One of the things that was alarming to me was the fact that these young women for the majority believed that breast feeding prevents pregnancy. This would lead me to believe that the results could be inadequate because of lack of education and understanding. How much do these girls really understand the benefits of breast feeding versus bottle feeding? I would like to have conducted a more in depth discussion with these girls about the benefits of breast feeding versus bottle feeding and educate them on the pros and cons and then do a study to see how many would breast or bottle feed.
Women need to avoid fatiguing work. If pregnant women do not get enough rest the consequence can impede with their slumber, absorption or diet this can lead to premature babies or miscarriage (Berger, K. S. (2010). The second step for women that are six months pregnant or more need to stay away from teratogens. Teratogens are agents and conditions, including viruses, drugs, and chemicals, that might impair prenatal
Physical activity in pregnancy Weiying Zhang This qualitative research aims at studying the physical activity during pregnancy in order to solve the overweight or obese problem for pregnant women. Despite the original way of research, the views and experiences of overweight and obese women are gained, the interventions which could promote physical activity during pregnancy are provided in this study. With a very typical method of qualitative research, observing the day to day life of participants from a previous study of physical activity measurements in pregnancy. Also, organizing semi-structured and in-depth interviews to 14 overweight and obese pregnant women. By using a Framework Approach and Theory of Planned Behavior approach, data were analyzed.
The embryo is the name of the first cells which reproduce when a sperm and egg meet and conceive. The embryo then implants in the wall of the woman’s uterus (womb) and goes on to divide into two types of cells; those that form the foetus and those that form the placenta (which provides nutrition to the foetus during pregnancy). Evidence suggests that maternal nutritional status has an important influence on the proportions of cells which go on to form the foetus and placenta. In undernourished women (women who do not consume enough energy or calories), a greater proportion of cells are likely to form the placenta compared to the foetus, which means the foetus will be relatively small when it begins growth and its development in the womb will be restricted. This increases the likelihood that the baby will be too small (weigh less than 2.5kg) when it is born.