Privatization is the answer to the Federal Prison System Bureaucracy Privatization of the Federal Prison System bureaucracy is the answer to the growing prison problem. Prisons are being built in the United States at a rate never seen before. The Federal Bureau of Prisons was established in 1930 to provide progressive and humane care for Federal inmates, to professionalize the prison service, and to ensure consistent and centralized administration of Federal prisons. The United States now has 1.6 million people behind bars, three times the number in 1980, and 3.5 million more on probation and parole. In the course of a year, there are 12 million admissions to secure facilities.
Figures on the British survey state that there are 87,561 thousand people in Britain and Wales prisons today (Ministry Of Justice, 2010). This massive population in prisons has been rising sharply since 1993 and increased from 42,000 to today's unprecedented levels (Cavadino and Dignan , 2007 ).The prison population rate places England and Wales one of the highest in Western Europe with 153 people per 100,000 (Ministry Of Justice, 2010). This Essay is going to discuss and evaluate the claim that the prison system is ‘in crisis’. In order to do this, the essay will first look at the reasons for the huge rising prison population – financial, prudential and moral. Secondly overcrowded prisons have an impact on rehabilitation programmes which potentially could be a reason for the high rate of reoffending in the UK.
By 1915, the prison was officially opened as military disciplinary barracks housing five hundred military prisoners. The new philosophy of the prison focused less on retribution and more on rehabilitation. Alcatraz served in that capacity for the next nineteen years. During that time, the army continued to add new buildings to the island (Mcshane & Williams,
The primary solution has been to add prison beds by building new facilities and expanding others -- almost 10,000 new beds costing well over $1 billion have been added since 1989. Less than five years after the Department of Correction (DOC) completed the comprehensive construction project, however, it is almost at capacity and has had to transfer 500 inmates to out-of-state prisons to relieve overcrowding. To a lesser degree, Connecticut has implemented a system of graduated sanctions. The network of sentencing options and alternative sanctions: (1) punishes and rehabilitates offenders whose crimes and/or criminal histories do not demand a prison term; and (2) assists in the transition of inmates from prison back to their communities. This model is based on the recognition not all offenders are the same, and only a few deserve the most intensive and expensive sanction -- prison -- and almost all offenders sent to prison eventually return to their communities.
Later, Roosevelt created a large-scale of temporary jobs program during the winter of 1933–34. The Civil Works Administration employed more than four million men and women at jobs from building and repairing roads and bridges, parks, playgrounds, and public buildings to creating art. That led the administration to create a permanent jobs program, the Works Progress Administration. “The W.P.A. began in 1935 and would last until 1943, employing 8.5 million people and spending $11 billion as it transformed the national infrastructure, made clothing for the poor, and created landmark programs in art, music, theater and writing” (Taylor, 2012).
Andersonville, or Camp Sumter as it was known officially, held more prisoners at any given time than any of the other Confederate military prisons. It was built in early 1864 after Confederate officials decided to move the large number of Federal prisoners in and around Richmond to a place of greater security and more abundant food. During the 14 months it existed, more than 45,000 Union soldiers were confined here. Of these, almost 13,000 died from disease, poor sanitation, malnutrition, overcrowding, or exposure to the elements. The prison pen was surrounded by a stockade of hewed pine logs that varied in height from 15 to 17 feet.
For the whole 1990-2000 periods, roughly 23,672,000 jobs were created to help give jobs to people that were jobless. Hourly wages had increased by a strong 10.1% since 1996. From 1972 to 1995, the growth rate of output per hour, a measure of labor productivity, had only averaged around one-percent per year. But by the mid '90s, growth spiked up tremendously. Since all these new jobs were being created and rages were increasing a lot of newspapers wanted to discuss the upcoming of more new businesses for the
According to The Washington Post, more than 263 government organizations were either created or reorganized following the attacks. The newspaper found that more than 1,200 government organizations and 1,900 private companies do work related to counter-terrorism, homeland security and intelligence. Budgets for defense-related agencies also rose. The Coast Guard, TSA and Border Patrol budgets have all more than doubled since
62% of local jail inmates are awaiting trial. The cost of medical care for inmates grows by 10% annually. High rates of incarceration are due to sentence length. The United States incarcerates a large number of non-violent and victimless offenders. 50% of all prisoners are non-violent offenders, and 20% are drug related offenders.
The bureau provided a better humanitarian care for inmate, since its establishment in 1930. The bureau consist of 119 institutions, 6 regional offices and its headquarters in Washington Dc (www.bop.gov) there are two staff training centers, 28 correction offices and responsible to house 207,872 offenders. 85% of those offenders are restrained at the bureau. All others are restrained at the local state government corrections centers, as well as juvenile conveniences. The federal prison was established during the 20th century.